Use of cleaner-wrasse (Centrolabrus exoletus (L.) and Ctenolabrus rupestris (L.)) to control infestations of Caligus elongatus Nordmann on farmed Atlantic salmon

Tully, Oliver; Daly, Pamela; Lysaght, S.; Deady, Sandra; Varian, Sarah J.A.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(95)01245-1

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Caligus elongatus adults, however, are good swimmers and occur in the plankton as well as attached to hosts [31,32]. Studies on pen-reared Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau, 1872), have shown that adult Caligus on wild fish that are attracted to the sea cages transfer onto the cage held stock [33,34]. It is also probable, therefore, that free swimming adult Caligus attach to whales rather than infections establishing from larvae attaching to whales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epibiotic macrofauna on common minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804, in Icelandic waters

Ólafsdóttir

Shinn

2013

Parasites Vectors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWhilst there is a body of scientific literature relating to the epibiotic macrofauna on large whales, there is little information on the cetaceans in Icelandic waters. Common minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804, are a common sighting between the months of April to November, however, the migration and distribution of the population in winter requires establishing. The present study provides baseline information on the species composition, geographic distribution and abundance of the epibiotic macrofauna on minke whales landed in Icelandic waters and comments on their acquisition.MethodsThe epibiotic macrofauna and skin lesions on 185 and 188 common minke whales respectively, landed in Icelandic waters between April to September 2003-2007 were determined. For each whale, the fluke and one lateral side was examined.ResultsA total of seven epibiotic species were found: the caligid copepod Caligus elongatus (prevalence (P) = 11.9%, mean intensity (M.I) = 95.5); the pennellid copepod Pennella balaenopterae (P = 10.3%, M.I = 1.6); the cyamid amphipod Cyamus balaenopterae (P = 6.5%, M.I = 37.0); the lepadid cirripedes Conchoderma virgatum (P = 0.5%, M.I = 4.0) and Conchoderma auritum (P = 0.5%, M.I = 1.0), the balanid cirriped Xenobalanus globicipitis (P = 1.6%, M.I = 5.3) and the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus (P = 2.7%, M.I = 1.0). In addition, the hyperparasitic monogenean Udonella caligorum was found on C. elongatus (P = 6.6%) on 8 of the 22 whales infected with the copepod. No significant relationship was observed between parasite intensity and host body length for either C. balaenopterae or C. elongatus, while the proportion of infected hosts was higher in August-September than earlier in the summer for C. balaenopterae (χ2 = 13.69; p<0.01: d.f.=1) and C. elongatus (χ2 = 28.88; p<0.01: d.f.=1).ConclusionsThe higher prevalence of C. balaenopterae on male whales (χ2 = 5.08; p<0.05: d.f.=1), suggests possible different migration routes by the sexes. A likely explanation of the occurrence of P. marinus attached to the minke whales may be due to the gradually rising sea temperature in the area in recent years. This study represents the first known record of C. elongatus on a cetacean host.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some specimens of C. elongatus were observed to have material within their guts, suggesting they had recently fed, the source of this material is not known. Stable isotope or molecular studies on the gut contents of Caligus on whales may help answer whether the lice actively feed on the whale [34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epibiotic macrofauna on common minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804, in Icelandic waters

Ólafsdóttir

Shinn

2013

Parasites Vectors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is the subject of intense aquaculture efforts in Northern European countries, and farmed specimens were recently confirmed to be as effective as their wild counterparts in operation . Previous commercial trials in Norway, Scotland, including Shetland, and Ireland have cross‐validated baseline recommendations for the successful implementation of this biological method. A stocking rate of 1–2% ballan wrasse in sea‐pens is suggested to be sufficient, but a 4–5% rate is generally recommended .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delousing efficiency of farmed ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post‐smolts

Leclercq

Davie

Migaud

2014

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Farmed ballan wrasse are confirmed as highly effective therapeutic and preventive biological controls against sea-lice. The study supports the current minimum hatchery size target (10 mm total length) and the use of supplementary feeding to sustain the wrasse stocks in operation. The functional predator response and the standardised decline time constant of sea-louse abundance are proposed as useful indicators of delousing efficiency.

show abstract

“…The use of captured wrasse as cleaner fish to reduce infestations of ectoparasitic sea lice, mainly Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus, on farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar has been developed as a supplement to the use of chemicals (Bjordal 1991, Treasurer 1994, Tully et al 1996. Wrasse use is an alternative and biological method of control that has environmental advantages over the traditional chemical treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of strains of Vibrio splendidus and V. tapetis isolated from corkwing wrasse Symphodus melops suffering vibriosis

Jensen¹,

Samuelsen²,

Andersen³

et al. 2003

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two vibrio bacteria pathogenic to the corkwing wrasse Symphodus melops were isolated. Vibriosis-inducing strain LP1 was isolated as the dominanting bacterium in kidney samples of dead and moribund wrasse from a population suffering vibriosis and high daily mortality in 1998 on the Norwegian west coast. The other vibriosis-inducing strain, LP2, was isolated from wrasse captured the following year. Re-infection experiments have confirmed that these strains cause vibriosis in corkwing wrasse. Both strains were typical vibrios sharing the traits of fermentative Gram-negative curved rods with motility and a positive oxidase reaction. Detailed biochemical and genetic characterisation revealed a close affiliation to known species of the marine environment. The first isolate, LP1, is a form of the ubiquitous seawater organism Vibrio splendidus, while the second isolate, LP2, is closely related to V. tapetis (previously only known as the brown ring disease agent in clams). Identification of the new wrasse pathogens V. splendidus LP1 and V. tapetis LP2 is facilitated by break points observed in this study.KEY WORDS: Vibrio · Wrasse · Vibriosis · Taxonomy · Phylogeny Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 53: [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] 2003 experienced although held under favourable conditions in the laboratory. As with the first group, bacteriological examinations were carried out with the intention to find a causative agent. Cultivation of kidney samples of moribund and dead fish indicated bacterial aetiology. Isolation yelded 1 dominant strain from both groups. The strain LP1 isolated from the 1998 group was tentatively assigned to the genus Vibrio . The strain dominating the samplings from 1999 was numbered LP2.The purpose of the present study was to characterise strains LP1 and LP2 isolated from dead and moribund corkwing wrasse at the biochemical, serological and genetical level and to identify them to species level. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental fish. Corkwing wrasse Symphodus melops were captured by fish trap near Bergen (Norway) in the autumns of 1998 and 1999 by a local fisherman. This method allowed wild wrasse of 45 ± 9 g to be swiftly collected for transport to the Institute of Marine Research where approximately 400 individuals were stocked in flow-through storage tanks (1 m deep × 2.5 m i.d.) held at 13 ± 0.5°C. The storage tanks were provided with artificial seaweed and plastic tubes for shelter. The fish were fed krill to satiation every second day (1998 group) or every day (1999 group). After approximately 4 wk in the tanks, a general loss of appetite was noticed and the fish started to die. From each group, kidney samples from 20 moribund and dead fish were examined for the presence of bacteria by cultivation.Bacterial isolation and cultivation. Before necropsy, the wrasse were disinfected with 70% ethanol. Posterior kidney samples were inoculated directly into nutrient blood agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) supplemented with 5% sheep b...

show abstract

Use of cleaner-wrasse (Centrolabrus exoletus (L.) and Ctenolabrus rupestris (L.)) to control infestations of Caligus elongatus Nordmann on farmed Atlantic salmon

Cited by 56 publications

References 6 publications

Epibiotic macrofauna on common minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804, in Icelandic waters

Epibiotic macrofauna on common minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804, in Icelandic waters

Delousing efficiency of farmed ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post‐smolts

Characterization of strains of Vibrio splendidus and V. tapetis isolated from corkwing wrasse Symphodus melops suffering vibriosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About