“…The diversity and community composition of forams are known to change with anthropogenic pollution, fish farming, and decreasing water quality (Damak, Frontalini, Elleuch, & Kallel, 2019; Frontalini & Coccioni, 2011; Pawlowski, Esling, Lejzerowicz, Cedhagen, & Wilding, 2014; Raposo et al., 2018; Uthicke & Nobes, 2008), and similar to nematodes, OC enrichment of the sediment also influences the diversity of forams (Alve et al., 2016; Martins et al., 2015; Murray, 2006). Ciliates are used as bioindicators in e.g., aquaculture (Stoeck, Kochems, Forster, Lejzerowicz, & Pawlowski, 2018), wastewater treatment plants, and monitoring of eutrophication and chemical pollution (Chen, Xu, Tam, Cheung, & Shin, 2008; Foissner, 2016; Pawlowski, Lejzerowicz, Apotheloz‐Perret‐Gentil, Visco, & Esling, 2016). In natural aquatic environments, the diversity and community composition of ciliates are influenced by e.g., salinity, pH, and anthropogenic pollution (e.g., Gong et al., 2015; Jiang, Xu, Hu, Warren, & Song, 2013).…”