Use of Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin®) in Experimental and Human Tularemia

Parker, Robert T.; Lister, Leonard M.; Bauer, Robert E.; Hall, Howard E.; Woodward, Theodore E.

doi:10.1001/jama.1950.02910360009004

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This mode of penetration probably also explains why MPs which display high pinocytosis activity more efficiently concentrate aminoglycosides than do PMNs (165). Also, increased uptake of streptomycin by PMNs or MPs during phagocytosis has been reported (131,166). After the aminoglycosides reach the eukaryotic cell membrane by pinocytosis, they accumulate quite exclusively (via the lysosomal pathway) within the acidic lysosomes, where they are retained because of their weakly basic nature (180).…”

Section: Intracellular Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Since streptomycin may be no longer available in clinical practice in some areas, gentamicin has been used as an alternative in a limited number of patients, with encouraging results (35,112). Tetracyclines, especially doxycycline, are currently considered the most useful alternative to aminoglycoside therapy, but relapses are reported in up to 10% of tularemic patients treated with these drugs (56,131,144). Beta-lactams are ineffective (34).…”

Section: Selected Examples Of Clinical Activity Of Aminoglycosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Aminoglycosides in Treatment of Infections Due to Intracellular Bacteria

Maurin

Raoult

2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

111

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Section: Intracellular Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Selected Examples Of Clinical Activity Of Aminoglycosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Aminoglycosides in Treatment of Infections Due to Intracellular Bacteria

Maurin

Raoult

2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

111

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“…Antibiotic treatment of tularemia is generally successful when administered soon after infection [5-9, 31]. However, patient responses vary and disease relapse is known to occur [3, 12, 13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-exposure immunization against Francisella tularensis membrane proteins augments protective efficacy of gentamicin in a mouse model of pneumonic tularemia

Sutherland

Goodyear

Troyer

et al. 2012

Vaccine

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Successful treatment of pneumonic infection with Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, requires rapid initiation of antibiotic therapy, yet even then treatment failures may occur. Consequently, new treatments are needed to enhance the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for acute pneumonic tularemia. In a prior study, immunization with F. tularensis membrane protein fraction (MPF) antigens 3 days prior to challenge was reported to induce significant protection from inhalational challenge. We therefore hypothesized that MPF immunization might also be effective in enhancing infection control if combined with antibiotic therapy and administered after infection as post-exposure immunotherapy. To address this question, a 24 h post-exposure treatment model of acute pulmonary Schu S4 strain of F. tularensis infection in BALB/c mice was used. Following exposure, mice were immunized with MPF and treated with low-dose gentamicin, alone or in combination and the effects on survival, bacterial burden and dissemination were assessed. We found that immunization with MPF significantly increased the effectiveness of subtherapeutic gentamicin therapy for post-exposure treatment of pneumonic tularemia, with 100% of combination-treated mice surviving long-term. Bacterial burdens in the liver and spleen were significantly reduced in combination MPF-gentamicin treated mice at 7 days after challenge. Passively transferred antibodies against MPF antigens also increased the effectiveness of gentamicin therapy. Thus, we concluded that post-exposure immunization with MPF antigens was an effective means of enhancing conventional antimicrobial therapy for pneumonic tularemia.

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“…The fact that chloramphenicol is effective in human tularemia but not so striking in experimental mouse infection (18) is interesting, if one considers the finding that this drug is fully effective against B. tularense within HeLa cells, which originated from human being. MULTIPLICATION OF BACTERIUM TULARENSE 199 Streptomycin was not able to exert its full activity against B. tularense as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis within HeLa cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplication of Bacterium Tularense Within Hela Cells and the Effect of Antibiotics

1960

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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Use of Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin®) in Experimental and Human Tularemia

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Use of Aminoglycosides in Treatment of Infections Due to Intracellular Bacteria

Use of Aminoglycosides in Treatment of Infections Due to Intracellular Bacteria

Post-exposure immunization against Francisella tularensis membrane proteins augments protective efficacy of gentamicin in a mouse model of pneumonic tularemia

Multiplication of Bacterium Tularense Within Hela Cells and the Effect of Antibiotics

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