Use of Biological Monitoring Data from Pesticide Users in Making Pesticide Regulatory Decisions in California

Maddy, K. T.; Krieger, Robert I.; O’Connell, Linda; Bisbiglia, M.; Margetich, S.

doi:10.1021/bk-1988-0382.ch026

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…WBD may be a suitable means to quantitatively collect chemicals such as pesticides and some of their degradation derivatives, and when combined with estimates of human percutaneous absorption, may be used to estimate AD. The California Department of Food and Agriculture ( CDFA ) recognized a need for exposure data for farm workers (Maddy et al, 1989 ) and has used WBD for agricultural field reentry studies. Studies conducted by the CDFA in indoor environments used a tight-fitting WBD as a surrogate for skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring and whole body cotton dosimetry to estimate potential human dermal exposure to semivolatile chemicals

Krieger

Bernard

Dinoff

et al. 2000

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Current methods of estimating absorbed dosage ( AD ) of chemicals were evaluated to determine residue transfer from a carpet treated with chlorpyrifos (CP) to humans who performed a structured exercise routine. To determine the dislodgeability of residue, a California Department of Food and Agriculture ( CDFA ) roller was applied to a flat cotton cloth upon a treated carpet. Levels ranged from 0.06 to 0.99 g CP/cm 2 . Cotton whole body dosimeters ( WBD ) were also used to assess residue transfer. The dosimeters retained 1.5 to 38 mg CP / person. Urine biomonitoring ( 3 days ) for 3,5,6 -trichloro -2 -pyridinol ( TCP ) of persons who wore only swimsuits revealed a mean AD of 176 g CP equivalents / person. The results show that the AD depends on the extent of contact transfer and dermal absorption of the residue. Default exposure assessments based upon environmental levels of chemicals and hypothetical transport pathways predict excessive exposure. The cotton WBD retains chemical residues and may be effectively used to predict dermal dose under experimental conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring and whole body cotton dosimetry to estimate potential human dermal exposure to semivolatile chemicals

Krieger

Bernard

Dinoff

et al. 2000

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Inaccurate estimates of exposure to reach safety and regulatory decisions that can result from less direct methods of exposure assessment should be avoided. As an example, a study of Maddy et al [1989] showed that metabolite measurements in urine were considerably lower than predictions of human exposure based on external exposure measurements for exposure of applicators and harvest workers to captan in strawberry fields. Research on associations between dermal exposure in sprayers and absorption of pesticides often has shown poor results [Fenske, 1988;Chester and Hart, 1986;Franklin et al, 19811.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary excretion of tetrahydrophtalimide in fruit growers with dermal exposure to captan

Cock

Heederik

Hoek

et al. 1995

American J Industrial Med

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The relation between dermal and respiratory exposure and uptake into the body of captan, measured as 24 hr cumulative tetrahydrophtalimide (THPI) dose, was studied among 14 male fruit growers applying pesticides in orchards in the Netherlands. No contribution of respiratory exposure was observed on THPI in the urine. Dermal exposure, measured with skin pads, showed a clear relation with THPI in urine when exposure was estimated from exposure on skin pads of ankles and neck. No relation was found for total dermal exposure, calculated from measured exposure on skin pads of representative skin areas according to models described in the literature. Determinants of exposure such as use of a cabin on the tractor, use of gloves during mixing and loading, and use of rubber boots also explained THPI in urine very well. This finding corroborated the findings on measured dermal exposure. Results indicate that more attention should be paid to skin areas which are suspected to be most permeable for a chemical under study. It was concluded that dermal exposure data can be linked better to biological monitoring based on empirical findings as gathered in a pilot study on exposure of specific body areas than on estimations of total skin dose.

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“…Some field studies have attempted to associate environmental measurements with biomonitoring data to assess captan exposure (Hansen et al, 1978;Winterlin et al, 1984;Winterlin et al, 1986;Maddy et al, 1989;Lavy et al, 1993;de Cock et al, 1995;Krieger and Dinoff, 2000;Hines et al, 2008), but poor correlations were obtained. These studies, as well as those of van Welie et al (1991) and of Verberk et al (1990) which used only biomonitoring, assessed worker exposure for a maximum three consecutive days, with incomplete collections; typical tasks involving potential exposure to captan (e.g.…”

Section: Captanmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

Berthet¹,

Heredia-Ortiz²,

Vernez³

et al. 2012

Annals of Occupational Hygiene

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Captan and folpet are two fungicides largely used in agriculture, but biomonitoring data are mostly limited to measurements of captan metabolite concentrations in spot urine samples of workers, which complicate interpretation of results in terms of internal dose estimation, daily variations according to tasks performed, and most plausible routes of exposure. This study aimed at performing repeated biological measurements of exposure to captan and folpet in field workers (i) to better assess internal dose along with main routes-of-entry according to tasks and (ii) to establish most appropriate sampling and analysis strategies. The detailed urinary excretion time courses of specific and non-specific biomarkers of exposure to captan and folpet were established in tree farmers (n 5 2) and grape growers (n 5 3) over a typical workweek (seven consecutive days), including spraying and harvest activities. The impact of the expression of urinary measurements [excretion rate values adjusted or not for creatinine or cumulative amounts over given time periods (8, 12, and 24 h)] was evaluated. Absorbed doses and main routes-of-entry were then estimated from the 24-h cumulative urinary amounts through the use of a kinetic model. The time courses showed that exposure levels were higher during spraying than harvest activities. Model simulations also suggest a limited absorption in the studied workers and an exposure mostly through the dermal route. It further pointed out the advantage of expressing biomarker values in terms of body weight-adjusted amounts in repeated 24-h urine collections as compared to concentrations or excretion rates in spot samples, without the necessity for creatinine corrections.

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Use of Biological Monitoring Data from Pesticide Users in Making Pesticide Regulatory Decisions in California

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Biomonitoring and whole body cotton dosimetry to estimate potential human dermal exposure to semivolatile chemicals

Biomonitoring and whole body cotton dosimetry to estimate potential human dermal exposure to semivolatile chemicals

Urinary excretion of tetrahydrophtalimide in fruit growers with dermal exposure to captan

A Detailed Urinary Excretion Time Course Study of Captan and Folpet Biomarkers in Workers for the Estimation of Dose, Main Route-of-Entry and Most Appropriate Sampling and Analysis Strategies

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