Use of bilateral superficial gluteal muscle flaps for the repair of ventral perineal hernia in dogs: A cadaveric study and short case series

Abstract

Objective: To describe bilateral mobilization of the superficial gluteal muscle (SGM) to treat ventral perineal hernias in dogs. Study design: Cadaveric study and short case series. Sample population: Male dog cadavers (n = 10) weighing between 5 and 42 kg and three dogs treated for ventral perineal hernia. Methods: Cadavers were positioned in right and left lateral recumbency to free the origin and insertion of the ipsilateral SGM except for muscle fibers originating on the first tail vertebra and sacrotuberous ligament. The dogs were placed in ventral recumbency to approach the perineum and rotate the muscle flaps. The insertions of the SGM were sutured together ventral to the anal sphincter muscle. The dorsal border of the overlapping tendons was sutured to the anal sphincter muscle, and the ventral border was sutured to the ischiourethralis muscle. The amount of overlap between bilateral flaps was measured. The SGM flaps were used to revise recurrent perineal hernias in three dogs. Results: Superficial gluteal muscle flaps were created without damage to the blood supply in all dogs. The overlap between the bilateral flaps ventral to the anal sphincter measured 0 to 2.4 cm. No recurrence was detected at follow-up (6-12 months) in the three dogs treated with these flaps. Conclusion: Superficial gluteal muscle flaps were mobilized without damage to the blood supply and crossed the midline ventral to the anal sphincter. Flaps were used successfully to repair ventral perineal hernias in three dogs. Clinical significance: Bilateral SGM flaps can be considered to repair ventral perineal hernias.

Combined transposition of internal obturator and superficial gluteal muscles for perineal hernia treatment in dogs: 17 cases (2017‐2020)

“…This study has several limitations. The low number of cases reported and the retrospective nature of the study make significant conclusions difficult; however, in terms of outcome, our results are similar to the Bernardé et al (2018) or Bitton et al (2020) who reported a 93 and 100% of resolution of the clinical signs, respectively. Our short-term wound related complication rate was slightly higher than studies with a linear/curved incision and further investigation is required to determine whether changing the skin incision will improve the technique.…”

“…(2018) or Bitton et al . (2020) who reported a 93 and 100% of resolution of the clinical signs, respectively. Our short‐term wound related complication rate was slightly higher than studies with a linear/curved incision and further investigation is required to determine whether changing the skin incision will improve the technique.…”

“…Reducing the recurrence rate has been one of the primary objectives when modifying and developing surgical techniques for the management of PH (Bilbrey et al 1990, Brissot et al 2004, Bitton et al 2020. IOT is the most commonly used technique (Bellenger 1980, Early & Kolata 1983, Hardie et al 1983 with recurrence rates between 0 and 27.4% (Bellenger 1980;Early & Kolata 1983;Hardie et al 1983;Hosgood et al 1995;Shaughnessy & Monnet 2015;Aronson & Baines 2017;Bernardé et al 2018).…”

“…2004, Bitton et al . 2020). IOT is the most commonly used technique (Bellenger 1980, Early & Kolata 1983, Hardie et al .…”