Use of antimicrobials for food animals in New Zealand: updated estimates to identify a baseline to measure targeted reductions

Hillerton, J.E.; Bryan, Mark; Beattie, Betsy; Scott, Debbie; Millar, Annie; French, Nigel P.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2021.1890648

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Other factors may have an impact on the AMU on farms, such as the average age of the cows, since the incidence of clinical mastitis is higher in older cows ( Petrovski et al, 2009 ). The estimated base rate for use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals in NZ in 2018 was 10.21 mg/PCU ( Hillerton et al, 2021 ). The representative total AMU during the study period on Dairy 1 and Dairy 4 was higher (17.09 mg/PCU) and lower (5.36 mg/PCU) than this estimate, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have investigated the prevalence of ESBL and AmpC-producing E. coli in pasture-based dairy farm environments such as those found in New Zealand (NZ) where there is relatively low use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals ( Hillerton et al, 2017 , 2021 ). One regional cross-sectional study of dairy farms in NZ found a low prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli (1 of 116; 0.9%) in pooled faecal samples ( Burgess et al, 2021a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in two New Zealand dairy farm environments

et al. 2022

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to human and animal health, with the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials being suggested as the main driver of resistance. In a global context, New Zealand (NZ) is a relatively low user of antimicrobials in animal production. However, the role antimicrobial usage on pasture-based dairy farms, such as those in NZ, plays in driving the spread of AMR within the dairy farm environment remains equivocal. Culture-based methods were used to determine the prevalence and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from farm environmental samples collected over a 15-month period from two NZ dairy farms with contrasting management practices. Whole genome sequencing was utilised to understand the genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance gene repertoire of a subset of third-generation cephalosporin resistant E. coli isolated in this study. There was a low sample level prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli (faeces 1.7%; farm dairy effluent, 6.7% from Dairy 4 and none from Dairy 1) but AmpC-producing E. coli were more frequently isolated across both farms (faeces 3.3% and 8.3%; farm dairy effluent 38.4%, 6.7% from Dairy 1 and Dairy 4, respectively). ESBL- and AmpC-producing E. coli were isolated from faeces and farm dairy effluent in spring and summer, during months with varying levels of antimicrobial use, but no ESBL- or AmpC-producing E. coli were isolated from bulk tank milk or soil from recently grazed paddocks. Hybrid assemblies using short- and long-read sequence data from a subset of ESBL- and AmpC-producing E. coli enabled the assembly and annotation of nine plasmids from six E. coli, including one plasmid co-harbouring 12 antimicrobial resistance genes. ESBL-producing E. coli were infrequently identified from faeces and farm dairy effluent on the two NZ dairy farms, suggesting they are present at a low prevalence on these farms. Plasmids harbouring several antimicrobial resistance genes were identified, and bacteria carrying such plasmids are a concern for both animal and public health. AMR is a burden for human, animal and environmental health and requires a holistic “One Health” approach to address.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in two New Zealand dairy farm environments

et al. 2022

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“…19 In parallel with this, the New Zealand Veterinary Association declared an ambitious goal: By 2030, New Zealand will not need antimicrobials to maintain animal health and wellness. 20 New Zealand ranks as the third lowest consumer of antimicrobials globally, behind Norway and Iceland. 20 This is perhaps due to the extensive nature of their production systems.…”

Section: Prescribing For Farmersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 New Zealand ranks as the third lowest consumer of antimicrobials globally, behind Norway and Iceland. 20 This is perhaps due to the extensive nature of their production systems. New Zealand Food Safety has reported a steady decline in antibiotic use, with sales for multi-species products decreasing by 5% from 2018 to 2019.…”

Section: Prescribing For Farmersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doses are calculated on a body weight basis, requiring accurate estimations to ensure correct dosing. 20 For food-producing animals, preventing pharmaceutical residues from entering the food chain is of critical importance. After treatment, a significant proportion of antibiotics remain unchanged or are excreted as active metabolites (17% -90%), 31 so livestock manure from treated animals has the potential to contaminate the environment.…”

Section: Regulatory Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Welly boots and spreadsheets: A rough guide to production animal medicine for medical writers

Fraser¹

2023

Med Writ

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n ow does veterinary medical writing differ from human medical writing? Formulating an answer to this question is a core preoccupation of EMWA's Veterinary Medical Writing -Special Interest Group. Companion animal medicine and human medicine may be in herently different. However, the fundamental princi ples of successful clinical case management are similar: 1 The focus is on the individual, whether the patient is human or veterinary. In contrast, we frame clinical production animal health, a term that refers to species such as cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry, in the context of the herd. Economic considerations, welfare concerns, environmental impacts, and additional regulatory requirements must all be considered alongside the health of the individual production animal. As a result, the role of the production animal veterinarian has evolved profoundly over the past few decades from the welly-wearing James Herriot stereotype to a position more remini scent of the business consultant. 2 They still wear the wellies, but the modern dairy vet's involve ment on the farm goes beyond the clinical, with know ledge transfer and consultancy at the fore and a proactive approach promoting disease prevention. 3 Here, I have drawn on my own experience as a dairy veterinarian in New Zealand to highlight the unique aspects of production animal health that medical writers should be aware of. Although I focus on dairy practice in this article, many of the principles described here apply to global best practices in the beef, swine, lamb, and poultry industries.

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Antimicrobial Resistance in Selected Bacteria from Food Animals in New Zealand 2018–2022

Cornelius,

Carr,

Bakker

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Protection

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Use of antimicrobials for food animals in New Zealand: updated estimates to identify a baseline to measure targeted reductions

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in two New Zealand dairy farm environments

Prevalence and distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in two New Zealand dairy farm environments

Welly boots and spreadsheets: A rough guide to production animal medicine for medical writers

Antimicrobial Resistance in Selected Bacteria from Food Animals in New Zealand 2018–2022

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