Use of Antibodies to RCC and CD10 in the Differential Diagnosis of Renal Neoplasms

Abstract

The majority of renal neoplasms can be distinguished on the basis of histologic examination alone; however, there are morphologic similarities between clear cell renal carcinoma and chromophobe cell carcinoma, as well as between the granular/eosinophilic variants of these tumors and renal oncocytoma. Only a limited number of histochemical markers are available to aid in the differential diagnosis of these neoplasms. Hale's colloidal iron usually yields strong, diffuse cytoplasmic staining of chromophobe cell carcinomas whereas clear cell carcinomas are generally negative; however, interpretation of this stain is not always straightforward. By immunohistochemistry, vimentin is detectable in most clear cell carcinomas and is absent from most chromophobe cell tumors and oncocytomas, but reliance on a single antibody can be misleading. In this report we examine the use of commercially available monoclonal antibodies to RCC and CD10 in the differential diagnosis of common renal tumors. Eighty-five percent of clear cell carcinomas (53 of 62) had detectable surface membrane staining for RCC, and 94% (58 of 62) were positive for CD10. Papillary carcinomas were likewise strongly positive for RCC and CD10 in nearly all cases (13 of 14 each). In contrast, all 19 chromophobe cell carcinomas examined were completely negative for surface membrane staining with both of these markers. Oncocytomas were also negative for RCC (0 of 9), but CD10 was detectable in some cases (3 of 9). These results suggest that the presence of surface membrane staining for RCC and CD10 may be used to confirm a diagnosis of suspected clear cell or papillary renal carcinoma. Chromophobe cell carcinomas should be negative for both markers. The absence of RCC staining may also be helpful in the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma.

CD10 is expressed in a subset of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas

“…Data about the expression profiling of renal epithelial neoplasms have been growing in the recent literature 15,[19][20][21][22] and the search for immunohistochemical markers uniquely positive for the most common renal cell neoplasms is extensive. 5,13,15,[22][23][24][25] CD10 has been suggested as a marker useful in the differential diagnosis of renal tumors. [5][6][7][8] Droz et al 8 observed CD10 immunoreactivity in all 28 renal cell carcinomas tested and Chu and Arber 6 reported 41 out of 46 renal cell carcinomas (clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinomas) positive for CD10, but no chromophobe renal cell carcinomas were evaluated in these studies.…”

“…5,13,15,[22][23][24][25] CD10 has been suggested as a marker useful in the differential diagnosis of renal tumors. [5][6][7][8] Droz et al 8 observed CD10 immunoreactivity in all 28 renal cell carcinomas tested and Chu and Arber 6 reported 41 out of 46 renal cell carcinomas (clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinomas) positive for CD10, but no chromophobe renal cell carcinomas were evaluated in these studies. Avery et al 5 found CD10 in 58 of 62 (94%) clear cell and 13 of 14 (93%) papillary renal cell carcinomas, whereas all 19 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas were considered negative in that study.…”

“…[1][2][3] CD10, a cell surface metalloproteinase localized to the proximal nephron of the normal adult kidney, 4 has been proposed as a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of renal epithelial neoplasms. [5][6][7] This molecule has been described as a positive immunohistochemical marker for the two most common types of kidney cancer, clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinomas. [5][6][7][8][9] Previous studies analyzing CD10 immunoreactivity in a total of 25 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas have found negative reactions, 5,7 whereas Holm-Nielsen et al 10 found CD10 expressed in all three chromophobe carcinomas studied and Higgins et al 11 found a positive reaction in one of three tumors tested.…”

“…[5][6][7] This molecule has been described as a positive immunohistochemical marker for the two most common types of kidney cancer, clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinomas. [5][6][7][8][9] Previous studies analyzing CD10 immunoreactivity in a total of 25 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas have found negative reactions, 5,7 whereas Holm-Nielsen et al 10 found CD10 expressed in all three chromophobe carcinomas studied and Higgins et al 11 found a positive reaction in one of three tumors tested. In this study we undertook to investigate CD10 and parvalbumin immunoreactivity in a large series of clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas.…”

Immunoreactivity of CD10 and inhibin alpha in differentiating hemangioblastoma of central nervous system from metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma

“…10 It was taken as a specific marker for renal cell carcinoma. 11 Inhibin, a dimeric 32-kDa peptide hormone that belongs to the transforming growth factor beta family, is normally produced by ovarian granulosa cells and testicular Sertoli cells. 12 Inhibin comprises an alpha (a) subunit (inhibin A) and a beta (b) subunit.…”