Use of anabolic steroids and associated health risks among gay men attending London gyms

Bolding, Graham; Sherr, Lorraine; Elford, Jonathan

doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00031.x

Cited by 96 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…In other studies, elevated aggression and irritability were the most common behavioral side effects of AAS use [18,66,113,126,130], although Moss et al [115] concluded that AAS use enhanced sexual desire. In addition, Pope and Katz [139] and Bolding et al [16] found higher levels of depression and suicidal thoughts among AAS users compared with non-users. Women who use AAS also exhibit signs of dependence [70].…”

Section: • Just Say No: Aas Reinforcement and Dependence In Humansmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anabolic–androgenic steroid dependence? Insights from animals and humans

Wood

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

136

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Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are drugs of abuse. They are taken in large quantities by athletes and others to increase performance, with negative health consequences. As a result, in 1991 testosterone and related AAS were declared controlled substances. However, the relative abuse and dependence liability of AAS have not been fully characterized. In humans, it is difficult to separate the direct psychoactive effects of AAS from reinforcement due to their systemic anabolic effects. However, using conditioned place preference and self-administration, studies in animals have demonstrated that AAS are reinforcing in a context where athletic performance is irrelevant. Furthermore, AAS share brain sites of action and neurotransmitter systems in common with other drugs of abuse. In particular, recent evidence links AAS with opioids. In humans, AAS abuse is associated with prescription opioid use. In animals, AAS overdose produces symptoms resembling opioid overdose, and AAS modify the activity of the endogenous opioid system. KeywordsAnabolic agents; Testosterone; self-administration; hamsters; drug dependence • Breakfast of champions: Recent history and prevalence of AAS useAnabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are a hot topic. A search of the Google news archive in March 2007 reveals 47,500 news stories on "steroids" in 2006, a 400% increase since their debut in the archive in 2002. In 2006, "steroids" even surpassed trend-setters such as "Paris Hilton" (38,500 stories) or "spinach" (42,700 stories). Current media attention on AAS abuse has been driven by accusations of steroid use among professional athletes in baseball, track, and cycling. However, public recognition of AAS use in sports dates back nearly 20 years, when Ben Johnson tested positive for stanozolol at the Seoul Olympics in 1988 [77]. Eastern Block athletes had been using steroids since the 1950's, and the International Olympic Committee banned steroid use from Olympic competition in 1976. However, the ability to reliably detect androgen metabolites in urine samples was limited until the advent of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy [89]. Johnson's drug test spurred the United States Congress to pass the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1991 which declared steroids as Address all reprint requests and correspondence to Ruth I. Wood, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 401, Los Angeles, CA 90033. Telephone (323) 442-1980, Fax: (323) 442-3466, e-mail: riw@usc.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain....

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Section: • Just Say No: Aas Reinforcement and Dependence In Humansmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anabolic–androgenic steroid dependence? Insights from animals and humans

Wood

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

136

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“…Ceux-ci inclus des comportements agressifs, dépressifs ou même des idées suicidaires (Bolding, Sherr, & Elford, 2002). Nous retrouvons aussi des problèmes au site d'injection dans le cas d'administration de stéroïdes anabolisants par ce mode.…”

Section: Autres Problèmesunclassified

Les Risques Associés à l’Utilisation Inappropriée des Stéroïdes Anabolisants

Borgeat¹,

Gomes²

2010

RISS-IJHS

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Notre société met une emphase énorme sur la beauté et la performance physique. Il n'est donc pas surprenant qu'une tranche importante de celle-ci prenne recourt à des méthodes drastiques qui lui permettront de s'approcher ou d'atteindre ces objectifs. Une des méthodes devenue populaire est l'utilisation inappropriée de stéroïdes anabolisants. Plusieurs études ont évalué les effets néfastes et indésirables de ces composés à des doses supraphysiologiques. Nous présentons donc une révision et synthèse de ces effets dans le but de mieux comprendre les effets néfastes de ce composé lorsqu'il est utilisé de façon inappropriée.

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“…Estudios previos han evidenciado que la orientación sexual juega un rol importante en el consumo de EAA, ya que las minorías sexuales presentan prevalencias entre 5 a 24% aproximadamente (8,(14)(15)(16). El uso de EAA también se ha encontrado asociado a conductas sexuales de riesgo.…”

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“…El uso de EAA también se ha encontrado asociado a conductas sexuales de riesgo. Un estudio en una muestra de varones homosexuales, en Londres, reportó que aquellas personas con VIH positivo tenían una prevalencia de 31,7% de uso de EAA mientras que aquellos sin VIH presentaron una prevalencia de 14,5% (15).…”

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Orientación Sexual y el Uso de Anabólicos Esteroideos en jóvenes varones Latinoamericanos entre 18 y 30 años

Poletti¹

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Use of anabolic steroids and associated health risks among gay men attending London gyms

Cited by 96 publications

References 33 publications

Anabolic–androgenic steroid dependence? Insights from animals and humans

Anabolic–androgenic steroid dependence? Insights from animals and humans

Les Risques Associés à l’Utilisation Inappropriée des Stéroïdes Anabolisants

Orientación Sexual y el Uso de Anabólicos Esteroideos en jóvenes varones Latinoamericanos entre 18 y 30 años

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