“…2 Infradiaphragmatic approaches include cannulation of the hepatic vein via the transhepatic route, 3 azygos vein via the percutaneous translumbar route, 4,5 the renal vein via the percutaneous transrenal route, 6 the aorta via the femoral artery, 7 and surgical cannulation of the IVC (Inferior Vena Cava). These include supradiaphragmatic approaches such as cannulation of the innominate vein, surgically entering the SVC (Superior Vena Cava), 1 or cannulating the small thoracic or neck collaterals.…”