Use of Amazonian Floodplain Trees

Wittmann, Florian; Wittmann, Astrid de Oliveira

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8725-6_19

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Therefore, differences of flooding tolerance between the plant species and the related metabolic balance could represent differences in the time of colonization. Plant species better adapted may have colonized the inundation areas earlier, as suggested by Piedade et al ([2000]), Parolin et al ([2010a]) [b] and Wittmann et al (2010b)Wittmann and De Oliveira [(2010a)]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Root anoxia effects on physiology and emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) under short-and long-term inundation of trees from Amazonian floodplains

et al. 2012

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Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors such as light intensity, temperature, CO2 and drought. Another stress factor, usually overlooked but very important for the Amazon region, is flooding. We studied the exchange of VOCs in relation to CO2 exchange and transpiration of 8 common tree species from the Amazonian floodplain forest grown up from seeds using a dynamic enclosure system. Analysis of volatile organics was performed by PTR-MS fast online measurements. Our study confirmed emissions of ethanol and acetaldehyde at the beginning of root anoxia after inundation, especially in less anoxia adapted species such as Vatairea guianensis, but not for Hevea spruceana probably due to a better adapted metabolism. In contrast to short-term inundation, long-term flooding of the root system did not result in any emission of ethanol or/and acetaldehyde. Emission of other VOCs, such as isoprenoids, acetone, and methanol exhibited distinct behavior related to the origin (igapó or várzea type of floodplain) of the tree species. Also physiological activities exhibited different response patterns for trees from igapó or várzea. In general, isoprenoid emissions increased within the course of some days of short-term flooding. After a long period of waterlogging, VOC emissions decreased considerably, along with photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance. However, even under long-term testing conditions, two tree species did not show any significant decrease or increase in photosynthesis. In order to understand ecophysiological advantages of the different responses we need field investigations with adult tree species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Root anoxia effects on physiology and emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) under short-and long-term inundation of trees from Amazonian floodplains

et al. 2012

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“…C. cujete presents an ample variation in fruit shapes and sizes (Aguirre-Dugua, Eguiarte, González-Rodríguez, & Casas, 2012;Arango-Ulloa, Bohorquez, Duque, & Maass, 2009;Gentry, 1980) that support the wide range of uses. A wild relative (C. amazonica Ducke 1937) occurs in flooded forests in the Orinoco and Amazon Basins, as well as smaller rivers of the Guianas (Díaz, 2009;Gentry, 1980;Godoy, Petts, & Salo, 1999;Wittmann et al, 2006). Crescentia amazonica fruits are smaller with thinner rinds that float in the water and are dispersed by fish (Waldhoff, Ulrich, & Furch, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human management and hybridization shape treegourd fruits in the Brazilian Amazon Basin

Moreira

Mariac

Zekraoui

et al. 2017

Evolutionary Applications

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Local people's perceptions of cultivated and wild agrobiodiversity, as well as their management of hybridization are still understudied in Amazonia. Here we analyze domesticated treegourd (Crescentia cujete), whose versatile fruits have technological, symbolic, and medicinal uses. A wild relative (C. amazonica) of the cultivated species grows spontaneously in Amazonian flooded forests. We demonstrated, using whole chloroplast sequences and nuclear microsatellites, that the two species are strongly differentiated. Nonetheless, they hybridize readily throughout Amazonia and the proportions of admixture correlate with fruit size variation of cultivated trees. New morphotypes arise from hybridization, which are recognized by people and named as local varieties. Small hybrid fruits are used to make the important symbolic rattle (maracá), suggesting that management of hybrid trees is an ancient human practice in Amazonia. Effective conservation of Amazonian agrobiodiversity needs to incorporate this interaction between wild and cultivated populations that is managed by smallholder families. Beyond treegourd, our study clearly shows that hybridization plays an important role in tree crop phenotypic diversification and that the integration of molecular analyses and farmers’ perceptions of diversity help disentangle crop domestication history.

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“…Most of the rural population in Brazilian Amazonia lives in or close to fertile white-water river floodplains. They practice subsistence fishery, agriculture, and cattle ranching (Junk 2013), and use floodplain forest for hunting game animals, and the extraction of timber and non-timber forest products such as fruits, tools, construction material, and medical and ornamental resources (Wittmann and Oliveira Wittmann 2010). Together, these activities often contribute as much as two-thirds of rural household income (McGrath et al 2008).…”

Section: Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%