Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Caffeine and Suicide Attempts: Findings From a Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study

Cho, Myong Sun

doi:10.1177/2150132720913720

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Unemployed individuals are at risk of facing cessations in social inclusion in everyday life, which consequently can lead to a loss of self-esteem and decreased levels of social standing [73]. Low income reduces access to essential goods, causes chronic stress and unhealthy behaviors closely related to suicide, such as excessive drinking and smoking [27,74,75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicidal Behaviors in South Korea: A Systematic Review On The Current State of Evidence

Raschke

Mohsenpour

Aschentrup

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background The economic and human costs of suicide to individuals, families, communities, and society make suicide a major public health problem around the world. Suicide rates in South Korea are among the highest in the world. This paper is the first systematic review investigating socioeconomic risk factors for suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, attempted suicides, and completed suicides) in South Korea. Methods We performed a systematic review in Medline and Web of Science. Empirical studies and peer-reviewed articles on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal behaviors have been included. A total of 53 studies were included in a descriptive synthesis. Results Overall, 35 studies focused on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal ideation, 16 were related to suicide attempts, while 10 addressed completed suicides. Low income, unemployment, and financial difficulties were identified as risk factors for all suicidal behaviors. Working in precarious conditions, long working hours, self-employment, changes in employment status, shift work/night-time work, and occupational stress were associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation. Low educational attainment appears to increase the risk for suicide attempts and completed suicide, but the significance of educational attainment on the reporting of suicidal ideation could not be verified. The primary studies were unable to ascertain whether the place of residence impacts on suicidal behaviors. Conclusions The results highlight the relevance of socioeconomic factors for suicidal behaviors in South Korea. Governmental social spending must be increased and redirected more efficiently so that the economically most vulnerable groups are financially protected and income inequality does not widen. Furthermore, comprehensive prevention strategies at the community level are needed. Future research needs to focus on identifying vulnerable groups for whom the effects of low socioeconomic status may have particularly serious consequences with regard to suicidal behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicidal Behaviors in South Korea: A Systematic Review On The Current State of Evidence

Raschke

Mohsenpour

Aschentrup

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…According to a comparative analysis of e-cigarette and dual users, male and high school students having high stress levels, adolescents with alcohol experience, and participating in smoking prevention programs showed a higher probability of becoming dual users [13]. In addition, a study found that stress and feelings of hopelessness are associated with the use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes [14]; substance use was also positively correlated with cigarette use [15]. A previous study found significant interaction effects between the perceived accessibility of cigarettes and peer smoking [16] and SHS exposure [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies indicated positive associations between dual use and its different outcomes, including substance use [3,7,13,15]. However, a limited number of studies have examined the predictors of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual lifetime use in samples of adolescents who were initially non-users [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Cigarette, E-Cigarette, and Dual Use among South Korean Adolescents

Cho

2021

Healthcare

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Dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes has become common among Korean adolescents but has decreased among adults. Dual use refers to using two tobacco products; however, in this study, it is defined as using both e-cigarettes and cigarettes. We assessed the prevalence of dual use among Korean adolescents and its relationship with socio-demographic, smoking-related characteristics, and other risk behaviors. The 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey’s data on 57,303 adolescents were analyzed using logistic regression. Overall, 13.8% had recently (in the past 30 days), used some type of cigarette, 3.3% were dual users, 3.4% exclusively smoked conventional cigarettes, and 0.6% exclusively vaped e-cigarettes. After adjusting for socio-demographic and psychological factors, substance use, smoking initiation by 13 years, secondhand smoke in school and public, and amount of cigarette consumption proved significant for all cigarette user types. Dual use was strongly associated with younger age (≤15 years), cigarette smoking initiation before 13 years, secondhand smoke exposure at school, and heavy cigarette smoking. Limited smoking cessation attempts, secondhand smoke exposure in public, and ease of cigarette purchases decrease the odds of adolescents becoming dual users. Thus, surveillance and enforcement of the juvenile protection measures need updating to prevent a shift into dual use.

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“…Also, alcohol or substance abuse needs to be considered. Substance abuse disorder has been reported as an important risk factor for suicide in South Korea [52,53]. Forth, various methodologies should be used to achieve more refined results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Variation of Suicide Mortality in South Korea

Choi

Lee

2020

IJERPH

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South Korea’s suicide rate is the highest among the members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. This study seeks to verify regional variation in suicide rates in South Korea and to identify correlating factors. We used age-adjusted suicide rates for 252 administrative districts, and a Community Health Survey, national representative data, and other national representative data such as censuses were used to obtain information on socioeconomic, health related and social integration variables according to each administrative district. Regional variation in suicide rates was analyzed by using Extremal Quotient (EQ), and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations between variation in suicide rates and regional socioeconomic, public service factors and health related factors. The average suicide rate from 252 regions was 142.7 per 100,000 people. The highest region was Hongchun-gun (217.8) and the lowest was Gwachen-si (75.5). The EQ was 2.89, meaning that there is significant regional variation in suicide rates. Financial independence (β = −0.662, p < 0.001), social welfare budget (β = −0.754, p < 0.001) and divorce rates (β = 17.743, p < 0.001) were significant, along with other adjusted variables. This study suggests considering these factors in order to reduce suicide rates in South Korea.

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Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Caffeine and Suicide Attempts: Findings From a Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicidal Behaviors in South Korea: A Systematic Review On The Current State of Evidence

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicidal Behaviors in South Korea: A Systematic Review On The Current State of Evidence

Factors Associated with Cigarette, E-Cigarette, and Dual Use among South Korean Adolescents

Regional Variation of Suicide Mortality in South Korea

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