Use of agro-industrial by-products containing tannins for the integrated control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants

Abstract

Previous studies have illustrated that different bioactive legume fodders containing condensed tannins might represent one of the options for integrated sustainable control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in ruminants, which may help address the worldwide development of resistance to synthetic anthelmintics. More recently, impetus has been given to assess the potential antiparasitic activity of less conventional resources, represented by different agro-industrial by-products (AIBPs). This review presents in vitro and in vivo results obtained with a range of tannin-containing AIBPs of various geographical and botanical origins, namely AIBP of nuts, temperate and tropical barks, carob, coffee and cocoa. They tend to confirm the “proof of concept” for their antiparasitic effects and also for other aspects of ruminant production in an agro-ecological context. Socio-economic aspects of the exploitation of such non-conventional resources are also discussed as potential models of the circular economy, by using waste. The different modes of use of these resources are presented in this review, as well as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analyses to illustrate the advantages and limitations of on-farm use.

Effect of calcium soaps from garlic and Salix babylonica extracts on nematode loads, nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, and rumen fermentation kinetics in dairy goats

“…In particular, the small ruminant sector should adopt more sustainable practices and principles to become more resilient and competitive. The improvement of sustainability represents the center of the debate on the future of global agriculture (Hoste et al 2022; Olivas-Salazar et al 2018). Notably, nding alternatives to control gastrointestinal parasites in livestock is not easy (Froehlich et al 2022), but natural compounds and plant extracts are a promising alternative in this direction.…”

“…The GIN infection in small ruminants have been largely found to decrease DMI, nutrients digestion, and weight gain of host animals (Mavrot et al 2015;Hoste et al, 2022). Though having the above negative effects on the host animals, the main economic losses caused by GIN infection are not only from the mortality rate, but also from nutrients digestion loss (Mavrot et al 2015).…”

“…Worldwide, gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) remain the main challenge associated with small ruminant production since these infections impose a serious problem on health, welfare, productivity, and reproduction of animals (Hoste et al 2022; Oliveira Santos et al 2019). Goats and sheep are infected with the same GIN species, mainly Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Teladorsagia circumcincta (abomasum), T. colubriformis, Strongyloides papillosus, Nematodirus spp.…”

“…It is well documented that the natural-derived feedstuffs can contain a wide array of plant secondary metabolites (PSM) arranged in a variety of chemical classes (Hoste et al 2022) that may provide an alternative, cost-effective treatment to gastrointestinal parasites, limiting both drug use and development of anthelmintic resistance (Froehlich et al, 2022).…”

Administration of spruce bark (Picea abies) extracts in young lambs exhibits anticoccidial effects but reduces milk intake and body weight gain

“…Several review articles have pointed out that plant secondary metabolites (PSM) possess antiparasitic properties, both in vitro and in vivo [ 8 – 15 ]. For instance, condensed tannins (CT) have proven antiparasitic effects [ 16 – 21 ].…”