Use of a SIT Image Detector for Atomic Emission/Fluorescence Spectrometry

Abstract

A silicon-intensified target vidicon tube (SIT) is evaluated for analytical use in the determination of 17 elements in an Ar-separated C2H2/air flame and 5 elements in an Ar-separated C2H2/N2O flame using combined atomic emission and atomic fluorescence as excited by a 150 W CW EIMAC xenon arc lamp. Benefits of combining emission and fluorescence signals in multielement analysis are experimentally shown. Limits of detection are approximately 100 times worse than previously reported by atomic fluorescence alone using a conventional spectrophotometer with the same 150 W EIMAC lamp. Linear dynamic ranges are between ∼10 and ∼100 for elements analyzed in the C2H2/air flame and are as high as 1000 for elements in the C2H2/N2O flame. Little or no use of the SIT and many similar image detectors for multielement analysis via atomic emission and/or atomic fluorescence is predicted at the present “state of the art.”

Simultaneous multielement determination by atomic emission with an echelle spectrometer interfaced to image dissector and silicon vidicon tubes

“…Because the image dissector is a nonintegrating detector, it cannot store information from one part of the image while another region is being interrogated. The signal-to-noise relationship for a shot noise-limited system involving multiple measurements can be represented as a \/npSp + ,/qSp + n2f2Sp + • + (5) fm Sp where , f2 ... /m represent the fractions the different signal amplitudes are of the peak signal amplitude (fm = Sm/Sp) and the other symbols were defined above. It is obvious that the S/N relationship will have its maximum value when all values of / are unity or when all available time is spent making repeated measurements at the peak maximum.…”

“…Paynter et al (4) developed quantitative methods employing RTP to determine many compounds of biological importance. Wellons et al (5) further studied ionic compounds which exhibited RTP when adsorbed on filter paper. Seybold and White (6) used the external heavy atom effect to enhance the RTP of compounds adsorbed on filter paper.…”

Determination of the ultraviolet and visible spectral response of a charge‐injectiondevice array detector

“…Wavelength selection can be made electronically instead of through the manual adjustment of slit-photomultiplier tube assemblies. Some of the camera devices that have ben applied are silicon vidicon tubes [4][5][6][7][8], silicon intensified target (SIT) tubes [9][10][11][12], image dissector (ID) tubes [8,[13][14][15], photodiode arrays (16)(17)(18)(19), and charge-coupled device (CCD) arrays [20,21 ]. In contrast to these approaches the charge-injection device has several unique features.…”

Intensified diode array detector for molecular fluorescence and chemiluminescence measurements

“…In atomic absorption spectrometry where light levels are reasonably high, much success has been achieved (15)(16)(17)(18). For atomic emission or fluorescence spectrometry, where light levels are much lower, Winefordner and co-workers (11,19) have concluded that multichannel detectors will find more limited use because of seriously degraded detection limits. However, in many cases where analyte concentrations are well above conventional detection limits, simultaneous quantitative analysis with multichannel detectors by atomic emission has been demonstrated to be quite feasible (13,14,20,21).…”