Use of a plastic eraser for ear reconstruction training

Erdogan, Basar; Morioka, Daichi; Hamada, Taishi; Kusano, Taro; Win, Khin Malar

doi:10.4103/ijps.ijps_18_18

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It is time to get creative in finding ways to practice, for example, self-made cartilage carving simulator using an eraser. 13 Many online applications are available for anatomy and surgical practice like Netter's Anatomy flash cards, Skin atlas, and Gray's anatomy. "Anatomage Table" (San Jose, CA, USA) provides a unique 3D experience.…”

Section: To Preserve Surgical Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown on Plastic Surgery Training and Practice in India

Kumar

Harikar³

et al. 2020

Indian J Plast Surg

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Background A nationwide lockdown due to the outbreak of COVID-19 has posed unforeseen challenges. Lockdown, physical distancing, and restrictions on medical practice have affected the training of residents and the professional and personal life of plastic surgeons. An online survey was conducted to assess this impact. Methods A questionnaire was circulated on Whatsapp groups from 15 to 21 of May and snowball sampling was done. The survey was designed to have a separate set of questions for residents and practitioners. The obtained results were analyzed, according to SPSS software version 25. Results A total of 206 responses were obtained (107 residents and 96 consultants) from across the country. The average age of consultants was 38.10 years, with mean experience of 4 years (range 0.5–33 years). As much as 56.3% of practitioners and 87.8% of residents were working in hospitals treating COVID-19. Average fall in number of OPD cases and elective surgeries was 75%. This led to financial strain on 86.5% of consultants and adversely affected training of 86% residents. As much as 86.9% of residents and 67.7% of consultants hoped that the online teaching pattern continued after the pandemic. Conclusion Universities need to recognize the loss in training for residents due to the pandemic and formulate plans to overcome it. Institutions and associations conducting webinars can streamline and archive them for future use.

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Section: To Preserve Surgical Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is time to get creative in finding ways to practice, for example, self-made cartilage carving simulator using an eraser. 13 …”

Section: What Can Be Done?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown on Plastic Surgery Training and Practice in India

Kumar

Harikar³

et al. 2020

Indian J Plast Surg

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“…This means that carving a helix, which would be conventionally bent into a curve is untenable. The shift in interest has since moved to finding a material that offers not only carvability but also a degree of flexibility and elasticity, with rubber, dental impression material and polyurethane being considered (6,9,13,26). Whilst these materials offer a greater degree of flexibility, they suffer from key limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016, Berens et al ( 7 ) devised a low-cost, flexible and carvable composite material comprised of cornstarch and silicone sealant that was felt to closely resemble the desired properties of costal cartilage, such as firmness, carvability and bend required for surgical simulation. Previously explored options have included plant matter such as apples, potatoes and rubber ( 8 , 9 ); animal ( 10 , 11 ) and human cadaveric cartilage tissue ( 4 ) and synthetic materials such as polyurethane and silicone ( 7 , 12 , 13 ). There are limitations that hinder the use of many of these materials, including cost, inadequate replication of the mechanical properties and ethical considerations.…”

Section: Introduction: Background and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Using 3D Printing Technology to Teach Cartilage Framework Carving for Ear Reconstruction

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to determine the validity of using a carvable 3D printed rib model in combination with a 3D printed auricular framework to facilitate the teaching, training and planning of auricular reconstruction. Design: 3D printed costal cartilages from ribs 6-9 were produced using a FormLabs Form3 Printer and used to make negative molds. 2:1 silicone-cornstarch mixture was added to each mold to make 12 simulated 6-9th costal cartilages suitable for carving. 3D printed auricular frameworks were produced in polylactic acid using an Ultimaker 3 3D printer to demonstrate the component parts and constructed framework of an auricular reconstruction. Participants: Twelve plastic surgery trainees attended a workshop in which they each attempted auricular reconstruction using the carvable models and 3D printed plastic models as a guide. All candidates completed a pre-and post-training questionnaire to assess confidence and comprehension of auricular reconstruction, and the suitability of the models for facilitating this teaching. Results: Only 42% of trainees (n = 5) had observed an ear reconstruction in theater prior to the training course. Statistically significant improvements in the appreciation of the different components that make an auricular framework (p < 0.0001) and confidence in carving and handling costal cartilage (p < 0.0001) were noted following completion of the training. Highly significant improvements in comprehension of the approach to ear reconstruction (p = 0.006) and locating the subunits of a reconstructed ear from costal cartilage (p = 0.003) were also noted. 100% of participants felt the 3D printed teaching aids directly enhanced their learning. Conclusions: Ear reconstruction is a complex, time consuming multi-stage operation demanding significant amounts of experience, planning and an appreciation of the 3D chondrocutaneous structure. In this study we have demonstrated the value of 3D printing in producing a suitable simulated costal cartilage model and as an adjunct to comprehending and planning a framework for auricular reconstruction.

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“…Thadani and Ladani [3] wrote that a silicone dental impression material yielded a consistency and texture that were comparable to those of real costal cartilage. Erdogan et al [4] used a polyvinyl chloride plastic eraser since its texture was similar to that of human costal cartilage. Agrawal [5] used ox scapular cartilage because its consistency, flexibility, and cutting experience almost matched that of human costal cartilage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White radish and swine scapular cartilage models for auricular framework carving training

Hwang

2020

Arch Craniofac Surg

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Background: The aim of this study is to develop a two-stage training module using radish and swine scapular cartilage for carving ear cartilage. Methods: In the first stage, white radish was cut in 3-6 mm thick slices. The ear cartilage framework was carved using a graver and the helix and antihelix were fixed with pins. In the second stage, swine scapular cartilage was obtained. The thickness varied 3-6 mm. The ear cartilage framework was made. And triangular fossa and scaphoid fossa were carved with graver. A curvilinear cartilage for helix was assembled to the framework by pin fixing. Six participants were recruited for an ear reconstruction training workshop and figures of the cartilage framework were provided. Participants were asked answer the pre-workshop questionnaire and post-workshop questionnaire on a Likert scale to rate their satisfaction with the outcome. Results: On the pre-workshop questionnaire, participants indicated that they did not have sufficient knowledge and skill for fabricating the ear cartilage framework (1.5 ± 0.5 using white radish; 1.3 ± 0.5 using swine scapular cartilage). On the post-workshop questionnaire, participants responded that they had learned useful knowledge from this workshop, reflecting a significant improvement (3.8 ± 1.0 using white radish; 4.0 ± 1.1 using swine scapular cartilage). They also indicated that they had become somewhat confident in this skill (4.2 ± 0.8 using white radish; 4.3 ± 0.5 using swine scapular cartilage. The participants generally found the workshop satisfactory (practically helpful, 4.7 ± 0.5; knowledge improved, 4.8 ± 0.4; satisfied with course, 4.5 ± 0.5; would recommend to others, 4.8 ± 0.4). Conclusion: This model can be useful for ear reconstruction training for medical personnel.

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Use of a plastic eraser for ear reconstruction training

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

The Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown on Plastic Surgery Training and Practice in India

The Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown on Plastic Surgery Training and Practice in India

Using 3D Printing Technology to Teach Cartilage Framework Carving for Ear Reconstruction

White radish and swine scapular cartilage models for auricular framework carving training

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