Use of a Pattern Recognition Technique for Determining Cloud Motions from Sequences of Satellite Photographs

Endlich, R. M.; Wolf, Daniel E.; Hall, D.; Brain, A. E.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1971)010<0105:uoaprt>2.0.co;2

Cited by 47 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Several objective methods of describing radar echoes or cloud areas have been proposed, mainly with the purpose of using the objective description within an extrapolation procedure. They include (1) contouring: several intensity thresholds are used to extract a digital description of the echo or cloud including the centroid [Duda and Blackruer, 1972]; (2) clustering: a type of contouring in which a threshold is used to derive the centroids of features [Barclay and which are then divided into subcategories depending on how close they are [Ball, 1965;Haralick and Kelly, 1969;Endlich et al, 1971;Collier, 1981]; (3) Fourier analysis: an echo or cloud shape is Fourier-analyzed such that the feature is described by the minimum number of harmonics [Duda and Blackmer, 1972;Ostlund, 1974;Zittel, 1976 [1977] for clouds. It has been found to be successful for weather situations characterized by isolated echo or cloud, for example, discrete thunderstorms.…”

Section: Extrapolation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nowcasting of precipitation systems

Browning¹,

Collier²

1989

Reviews of Geophysics

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Digital remotely sensed observations of the atmosphere, particularly from radars and satellites, have become increasingly available over the last 15 years. Together with developments in computer technology this has stimulated the design and operation of a variety of systems to exploit these data in weather forecasting. Growing awareness of the importance of detailed site specific weather information and forecasts from zero to a few hours ahead has led to the emergence of a particular kind of forecasting called nowcasting which depends on the exceptionally detailed knowledge of the current pattern of weather that remote sensing can provide. This type of weather forecasting is reviewed, with emphasis on the measurement and extrapolation up to about 2 hours ahead of fields of various weather parameters, especially rainfall. Trends in the design of nowcasting systems are discussed, and potential benefits summarized. tion of the weather, have been available to forecasters in real time and in a digital form amenable to manipulation. Although the preparation of forecasts by extrapolating the observed fields might be regarded as a simple extension of what forecasters have done for generations, limitations in observing capability and understanding of mesoscale phenomena, together with the practical difficulties of handling vast quantifies of data quickly, make this a challenging task in practice.Since extrapolation is the basis of nowcasting systems, the quality of the resulting forecasts depends upon the time ahead for which linear extrapolation is valid. This varies for different weather systems as shown in Table 1. Frontal rainbands, for example, persist for many hours. However, severe weather caused by individual convective systems is short-lived, and linear extrapolation on its own is unlikely to provide good forecasts beyond an hour or so. The larger-scale systems with greater persistence, such as fronts, often act as the trigger for the smaller convective Published in 1989 by the American Geophysical Union. ß 345 ß Reviews of Geophysics, 27, 3 / August 1989 pages 345-370 Paper number 89RG01134 346 ß Browning and Collier: NOWCASTING OF PRECIPITATION SYSTEMS 27, 3 / REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS storm/blizzard High wind gusts 5-30 min very limited accompanying shallow showers Hurricane many hours fair Frontal passage many hours fair to good After Zipser [ 1983]. (Part of this table is from Doswell [ 1986].) 27, 3 /REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS Browning and Collier: NOWCASTING OF PRECIPITATION SYSTEMS ß 347 when and where it will be triggered, unless there is some well-def'med topographical forcing, for example. We shall not discuss the nonlinear methods further in this review; rather we concentrate on the conceptually simple linear nowcasting techniques that have been developed to characterize, track, and extrapolate the motion of existing weather features detected by mdars and satellite. At present, nowcasting systems in several countries are providing data for severe weather warning, hydrological forecasting, snow clearance on roa...

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Section: Extrapolation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nowcasting of precipitation systems

Browning¹,

Collier²

1989

Reviews of Geophysics

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“…The motion analysis described by Endlich et al [43] is carried out on overlapping systematic sections (120 x 120 pixels using every fourth point)…”

Section: 3 Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Dynamic Scene Analysis: The Study of Moving Images,

Martin¹,

Aggarwal²

1977

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“…Clustering has been applied to the location of track able clouds for wind-velocity estimation (Endlich et al 1971, Wolf et al 1977, Endlich and Wolf 1981. Results were found to be satisfactory.…”

Section: Segmentation Of Cloudsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segmentation of clouds using cluster analysis

Seddon

Hunt

1985

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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The techniques of pattern recognition can provide unique information on cloud structures for cloud climatology programmes. We present a flexible automatic method for segmentation of meteorological satellite data using a multidimensional clustering procedure. The algorithm developed is described, together with its application to cloud data from the METEOSAT-I satellite. If the data are transformed prior to segmentation by use of the Principal Components Transformation, the results compare favourably with those of alternative methods.

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Use of a Pattern Recognition Technique for Determining Cloud Motions from Sequences of Satellite Photographs

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Nowcasting of precipitation systems

Nowcasting of precipitation systems

Dynamic Scene Analysis: The Study of Moving Images,

Segmentation of clouds using cluster analysis

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