“…Infiltration of the deep and/or superficial layers of the wound with local anesthetic can decrease pain and opioid consumption (Todd and Reed, 1991; Rudman, 1997; Hoard et al, 1998); however, the effects tend to be short lived. Local anesthetics may also be injected intermittently or continuously into the wound via an indwelling catheter inserted at the time of surgery (Brull et al, 1992; Wilkes and Thomas, 1994; Kennedy and Hiranaka, 1995; Green, 1996; Gundes et al, 2000; Puri et al, 2000; Bonvini et al, 2004; Blumenthal et al, 2005). A recent retrospective study examined the effects of an iliac crest infusion of bupivacaine in pediatric patients (Sbitany et al, 2010).…”