Use of a microtensiometer technique to study hydraulic lift in a sandy soil planted with pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum [L.] Leeke)

Vetterlein, Doris; Marschner, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00016618

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This intensified aggregate development led to highest PR for the surface of the biopore (distance = 0 µm), indicated by the negative slope of the curve (EW, Bt-1). The negative slope which is also found for R (Bt-1) reflects the intensified aggregate development, caused by both, an intensified shrinkage caused by root water-uptake, and an increased number of swelling-and-drying-cycles caused by hydraulic lift (Vetterlein and Marschner, 1993). The PR of REW in Bt-1 and of all types of biopores in Bt-2 behaved in an opposite way: The lowest PR was found at the surface of the biopore wall possibly caused by homogenization and the coinciding loss of soil strength at higher water contents.…”

Section: R Ew Rewmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In the rhizosphere the number of swelling and shrinkage cycles is enhanced by the hydraulic lift (Vetterlein and Marschner, 1993), which is a redistribution of water from wet to drier soil volumes. The water uptake of plant roots can dry the soil to a matric potential of approximately −1,500 kPa, leading to the formation of shrinkage-induced very rigid cracks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

Haas

Horn

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Macroscopic biopores, like earthworm burrows or channels which remain after a root decayed, act as preferential flow paths for water, gas, and heat transport processes, and viewing at agricultural production, as preferential elongation paths for plant roots. These processes result in intense alterations of the soil volume and its composition that surrounds the pores. The effects of these processes were analyzed at small-scale and physico-chemical soil parameters, i.e., relative oxygen diffusion coefficient (D s /D O ), oxygen partial pressure pO 2 , Eh and pH of biopore walls, were measured. The analyses were carried out on undisturbed soil samples with different colonization history, excavated from a haplic Luvisol derived from loess. Soil resistance to penetration was determined simultaneously with D s /D O and pO 2 using a coupled, self-developed approach, and four matric potentials (namely, m = −1 kPa; −3 kPa; −6 kPa or −30 kPa) were considered. We hypothesized that physico-chemical soil parameters in biopore walls were altered due to differing influences on the soil aggregation. Aggregation was visualized with scanning electron microscopy, classified and used to explain differences in-soil properties. Plant roots and earthworms altered aggregation next to biopore surfaces in a contrasted way, either by enhancing aggregates diversity or homogenizing it. Roots led to the formation of subpolyeders while earthworms formed subplates. Pore functions of microaggregates were comparable to those of larger scale, and subpolyeders showed much more favorable soil properties in terms of soil aeration (Ds/Do, pO2). Replicates of all parameters scattered intensely and showed deviations up to several orders of magnitude in case of D s /D O underlining the large variability of soil properties in biopore walls.

show abstract

Section: R Ew Rewmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

Haas

Horn

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While one study reported hydraulic lift at Ψ s as high as -0.003 MPa (Vetterlein and Marschner 1993), most reports indicated that hydraulic lift appeared between -0.4 and -0.7 MPa. Some of the estimates in Table 3 may not represent upper boundaries but rather the upper range that authors chose to report.…”

Section: Factors Regulating Appearance and Disappearance Of Hydraulicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the greenhouse, soil water changes in split-root systems provided evidence for redistribution through roots (Baker and van Bavel 1986;Corak et al 1987;Baker and van Bavel 1988;Vetterlein and Marschner 1993). In the laboratory, cryomicroscopic examination of monocot roots collected from the field at different times of day provided evidence for hydraulic lift (McCully 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and diurnal patterns of soil water potential in the rhizosphere of blue oaks: evidence for hydraulic lift

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a 3-year study, seasonal and daily soil water fluctuations in a California blue oak woodland were investigated by measuring soil water potential (Ψ) at hourly intervals. Soil water potential remained relatively high well into the annual summer drought, with values above -0.5 MPa until June even in a dry year. As drought progressed, Ψ (at 25, 50, 75, and 100 cm depth) decreased to less than -3 MPa, providing evidence for continued blue oak root activity throughout the summer. We observed diurnal Ψ fluctuations (gradual increase at night and rapid decrease during daytime) characteristic of hydraulic lift, a process by which plant roots redistribute water from wet to dry soil layers. These diurnal fluctuations were observed at all four soil depths and began to appear when Ψ reached approximately -0.3 MPa. When Ψ reached approximately -3 MPa, fluctuations became "offset" from those typical of hydraulic lift. These offset fluctuations (apparent at low water potentials when temperature fluctuations were large) closely followed diurnal fluctuations in soil temperature. We propose that these offset patterns resulted from a combination of hydraulic lift cessation and an over-correction for temperature in the model used to calculate Ψ from raw sensor data. The appearance and disappearance of hydraulic lift fluctuations seemed to depend on Ψ. While soil temperatures and dates at which hydraulic lift appeared (and disappeared) were significantly different between wet and dry years, Ψ values associated with hydraulic lift appearance were not significantly different. Hydraulic lift occurred too late in summer to benefit annual forage grasses. However, water released by blue oak trees at night could slow the rate of soil water depletion and extend blue oaks' growing season.

show abstract

“…Earlier this decade, evidence for hydraulic lift was considered inconclusive (Vetterlein and Marschner 1993). There are now data for nearly 30 species which show that root systems can facilitate transfer of water from deep layers to surface soil layers (Caldwell et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The redistribution of soil water by tree root systems

Burgess¹,

Adams²,

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant roots transfer water between soil layers of different water potential thereby significantly affecting the distribution and availability of water in the soil profile. We used a modification of the heat pulse method to measure sap flow in roots of Grevillea robusta and Eucalyptus camaldulensis and demonstrated a redistribution of soil water from deeper in the profile to dry surface horizons by the root system. This phenomenon, termed "hydraulic lift" has been reported previously. However, we also demonstrated that after the surface soils were rewetted at the break of season, water was transported by roots from the surface to deeper soil horizons - the reverse of the "hydraulic lift" behaviour described for other woody species. We suggest that "hydraulic redistribution" of water in tree roots is significant in maintaining root viability, facilitating root growth in dry soils and modifying resource availability.

show abstract

Use of a microtensiometer technique to study hydraulic lift in a sandy soil planted with pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum [L.] Leeke)

Cited by 49 publications

References 32 publications

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

Seasonal and diurnal patterns of soil water potential in the rhizosphere of blue oaks: evidence for hydraulic lift

The redistribution of soil water by tree root systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About