Use of a laser as a femtosecond ruler to precisely measure an x-ray pulse

Yu-Cheng, Ge

doi:10.1103/physreva.74.015803

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The spectral fringes spaced by 2 L Ϸ 3 eV appear to be due to spectral interference between the two electron wave packets released by the two XUV replicas, which is caused by the difference in phase shift ⌬⌰= ⌰͑t + T L /2−͒ − ⌰͑t − ͒ imposed by the streaking field upon the wave packets. At selected delays , the two released wave packets coincide with adjacent zero 60 They can be used for measuring the duration of femtosecond XUV pulses, see Schins et al, 1994Schins et al, , 1996Glover et al, 1996;Bouhal et al, 1997;Toma, et al, 2000;Ge, 2006. transitions of the streaking field E L ͑t − ͒, when the vector potential passes its maximum and minimum. Recalling the relationship between the initial and final electron velocities v f = v 0 − A L ͑t release ͒, we realize that one wave packet is shifted up in the final energy while the other is shifted down; see Fig.…”

Section: Attosecond Spectral Shear Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Attosecond physics

2009

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Intense ultrashort light pulses comprising merely a few wave cycles became routinely available by the turn of the millennium. The technologies underlying their production and measurement as well as relevant theoretical modeling have been reviewed in the pages of Reviews of Modern Physics ͑Brabec and Krausz, 2000͒. Since then, measurement and control of the subcycle field evolution of few-cycle light have opened the door to a radically new approach to exploring and controlling processes of the microcosm. The hyperfast-varying electric field of visible light permitted manipulation and tracking of the atomic-scale motion of electrons. Striking implications include controlled generation and measurement of single attosecond pulses of extreme ultraviolet light as well as trains of them, and real-time observation of atomic-scale electron dynamics. The tools and techniques for steering and tracing electronic motion in atoms, molecules, and nanostructures are now becoming available, marking the birth of attosecond physics. In this article these advances are reviewed and some of the expected implications are addressed.

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Section: Attosecond Spectral Shear Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Attosecond physics

2009

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“…This is an interesting physics that needs further study. Figure 5 shows a θ = 0° hydrogen atom PES, n(W), quantum-mechanically calculated for a cross correlated monochromatic X-ray pulse and a 750 nm laser with τ X = 50 fs, X ϖ =120 eV, τ L = 400 fs and S = 1×10 14 W/cm 2 [29] . The PES shows comb-like structures.…”

Section: Pes N(w)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, In a cross correlation experiment, the X-ray pulse should be temporally located at an appropriate position of the rising or falling side of the laser-envelope func- tion [29] . This can be achieved by temporally adjusting the delay time between the X-ray pulse and the laser.…”

Section: Transfer Equations For Femtosecond X-ray Pulse Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation properties of high-order harmonic generation for the measurements of femto- and attosecond X-ray pulses

Yu-Cheng

2009

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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REVIEW OPTICSCitation: Ge Y C. Radiation properties of high-order harmonic generation for the measurements of femto-and attosecond X-ray pulses.Radiation properties of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) are calculated for atoms in a strong laser field. The laser-duration dependence and the carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) dependence of HHG radiation properties are presented. The CEP dependence of the pure single distribution pulse of HHG radiation properties shows interesting 180° periodic structures. The quantum enhancement of the laser-assisted photo-ionization by femtosecond (1 fs=10 −15 s) and attosecond (1 as=10 −18 s) X-ray pulses and the interference patterns of photo-electron energy spectra are theoretically investigated. Transfer equations are presented for pulse reconstructions. The theoretical root-mean-square time (energy) differences of attosecond pulse reconstructions with different durations are less than 2 as (0.8 eV). These methods may be developed as basic techniques to access ultra-fast measurements and molecular movie.high-order harmonic generation, radiation properties, ultra-fast measurement, transfer equation, laser-phase determination method Electric, scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopes help scientists see interesting images of micro world on atomic scales. Ultra-fast measurement opens a door for scientists to get new knowledge. Usually, we know what happens in a chemical or biochemical reaction, but we do not know how it happens. Knowing how it happens and then regulating or manipulating it is very important for scientific researches. It is well known that the electron and energy transfers in a chemical or biochemical reaction take place on femtosecond and attosecond time scales, and that a molecular vibration period is about a hundred femtoseconds. Up to date, studying and measuring these dynamic processes have been one of the frontier topics that attract increasing attentions. Ultra-fast measurement needs increasingly shorter X-ray pulses, e.g. femto-and attosecond X-ray pulses. In the last three decades, the technique of pump-probe measurement with two delayed light pulses on picosecond time scale has been successfully used in the fast measurements of chemical reaction, biophysics and other fundamental scientific researches. Today, the techniques of synchrotron radiation, 90° Thomson scattering between high energy electrons and laser beam are used to produce femtosecond X-ray pulses. Particularly, highorder harmonic generation (HHG) is a successful way to produce attosecond X-ray pulses. These pulses can help scientists study inner atomic structure, molecular state transition and reaction dynamic process, rather than only the outer atomic structure and the final reaction productions. However, how to measure them remains a challenge.In order to better produce and use the femto-and attosecond X-ray pulses, the pulse properties such as the time distributions of the pulse intensity and frequency (chirp) have to be further studied and experimentally measured.

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“…The use of the XBP statistical properties can improve the precision of atto-and femto-second X-ray pulse measurements. In our previous works, [11][12][13][14][15] we have established three transfer equations for the measurement of atto-and femtosecond X-ray pulses using laser-assisted photoionizations. For simplicity, the equations have the forms of (i)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical properties of the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse and a continuous X-ray

Yu-Cheng¹,

Xiang-Jie²,

He³

2014

Chinese Phys. B

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This study shows that the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse in the presence of a continuous X-ray has interesting and useful statistical properties. The total photoionization production is linearly proportional to the time duration of the laser pulse and the square of the beam size. The spectral double energy-integration is an intrinsic value of the laser-assisted X-ray photoionization, which linearly depends on the laser intensity and which quantitatively reflects the strengths of the laser-field modulation and the quantum interference between photoelectrons. The spectral energy width also linearly depends on the laser intensity. These linear relationships suggest new methods for the in-situ measurement of laser intensity and pulse duration with high precision.

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Use of a laser as a femtosecond ruler to precisely measure an x-ray pulse

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Attosecond physics

Attosecond physics

Radiation properties of high-order harmonic generation for the measurements of femto- and attosecond X-ray pulses

Statistical properties of the photoelectron energy spectrum generated by an intense laser pulse and a continuous X-ray

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