Use of a fluorescent bile acid to enhance visualization of the biliary tract and bile leaks during laparoscopic surgery in rabbits

Abstract

In rabbits, CGF is secreted quantitatively in bile, induces biliary fluorescence, and enhances visualization of the bile ducts and bile leaks when viewed with appropriate filters.

Quantitative intravital microscopy of hepatic transport

“…[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] As outlined below, we have adapted and extended the approaches used in these studies into quantitative assays of hepatocyte transport.…”

Real-time intra-operative near-infrared fluorescence identification of the extrahepatic bile ducts using clinically available contrast agents

“…However, adhesions or inflammation make clean surgical dissection difficult. To provide real-time intraoperative guidance, visible fluorescence-based methods have been described 9,10. However, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light (700 to 900 nm), otherwise invisible to the human eye, offers several advantages over visible wavelength fluorescence for intraoperative bile duct imaging, including penetration of several millimeters into living tissue, high sensitivity detection, and low autofluorescence background 11.…”

Fluorescent cholangiography in a mouse model: an innovative method for improved laparoscopic identification of the biliary anatomy

“…Fluorescent cholangiography may meet these requirements. Previous studies have investigated the use of exogenously administered fluorescent compounds to improve visualization of the biliary tract [1,9,13]. These studies relied on intravenous injection of fluorescein-based bile acids or indocyanine green.…”