Use of a Chicken Embryo Lethality Assay to Assess the Efficacy of Phage Therapy

Trotereau, Angélina; Schouler, Catherine

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8940-9_17

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The method followed for this assay was described by Nolan et al [16] and adapted by Trotereau and Schouler [17]. Virulence of five E. coli isolates (three ESBL and two broad-spectrum β-lactamases) was tested by the inoculation of washed bacterial cultures into the allantoic cavity of 11-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicken embryos.…”

Section: Chicken Embryo Lethality Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence and antibiotic resistance profile of avian Escherichia coli strains isolated from colibacillosis lesions in central of Algeria

et al. 2019

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Background and Aim: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli cause extensive mortality in poultry flocks, leading to extensive economic losses. To date, in Algeria, little information has been available on virulence potential and antibiotics resistance of avian E. coli isolates. Therefore, the aim of this study was the characterization of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profile of Algerian E. coli strains isolated from diseased broilers. Materials and Methods: In this study, 43 avian E. coli strains isolated from chicken colibacillosis lesions at different years were analyzed to determine their contents in 10 virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction, antimicrobial susceptibility to 22 antibiotics belonging to six different chemical classes and genomic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Mainly E. coli isolates (58.1%) carried two at six virulence genes and the most frequent virulence gene association detected were ompT (protectin), hlyF (hemolysin) with 55.8% (p<0.001), and iroN, sitA (iron acquisition/uptake systems), and iss (protectin) with 41.8% (p<0.001). Some strains were diagnosed as virulent according to their virulence gene profile. Indeed, 23.25% of the isolates harbored iroN, ompT, hlyF, iss, and sitA combination, 14% ompT, hlyF, and frzorf4 (sugar metabolism), and 11,6% iroN, hlyF, ompT, iss, iutA (iron acquisition/uptake systems), and frzorf4. The chicken embryo lethality assay performed on five isolates confirmed the potential virulence of these strains. All isolates submitted to PFGE analysis yielded different genetic profiles, which revealed their diversity. Overall, 97.2% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 53.5% demonstrated multi-antimicrobial resistance to three different antimicrobial classes. The highest resistance levels were against nalidixic acid (83.4%), amoxicillin and ampicillin (83.3%), ticarcillin (80.5%), pipemidic acid (75%), and triméthoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66.6%). For beta-lactam class, the main phenotype observed belonged to broad-spectrum beta-lactamases. However, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase associated with three at six virulence factors was also detected in 13 isolates. Two of them were attested virulent as demonstrated in the embryo lethality test which constitutes a real public threat. Conclusion: It would be imperative in avian production to discourage misuse while maintaining constant vigilance guidelines and regulations, to limit and rationalize antimicrobial use.

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Section: Chicken Embryo Lethality Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence and antibiotic resistance profile of avian Escherichia coli strains isolated from colibacillosis lesions in central of Algeria

et al. 2019

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“…3(b) is an image of an egg detected by an embryo. The embryo egg image [40], [41] has a characteristic in the egg circle, and a network looks faint. The following process will clarify the picture so that the components of the embryo are visible.…”

Section: Image Preprocessing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-Means Segmentation Based-on Lab Color Space for Embryo Detection in Incubated Egg

Saifullah

Dreżewski

Khaliduzzaman

et al. 2022

Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer Dan Informatika

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The quality of the hatching process influences the success of the hatch rate besides the inherent egg factors. Eliminating infertile or dead eggs and monitoring embryonic growth are very important factors in efficient hatchery practices. This process aims to sort eggs that only have embryos to remain in the incubator until the end of the hatching process. This process aims to sort eggs with embryos to remain hatched until the end. Maximum checking is done the first week in the hatching period. This study aims to detect the presence of embryos in eggs. Detection of the existence of embryos is processed using segmentation. Egg images are segmented using the K-means algorithm based on Lab color images. The results of the image acquisition are converted into Lab color space images. The results of Lab color space images are processed using K-means for each color. The K-means process uses cluster k=3, where this cluster divides the image into three parts: background, eggs, and yolk. Egg yolks are part of eggs that have embryonic characteristics. This study applies the concept of color in the initial segmentation and grayscale in the final stages. The initial phase results show that the image segmentation results using k-means clustering based on Lab color space provide a grouping of three parts. At the grayscale image processing stage, the results of color image segmentation are processed with grayscaling, image enhancement, and morphology. Thus, it seems clear that the yolk segmented shows the presence of egg embryos. Based on this process and results, the initial stages of the embryo detection process used K-means segmentation based on Lab color space. The evaluation uses MSE and MSSIM, with values of 0.0486 and 0.9979; this can be used as a reference that the results obtained can detect embryos in egg yolk. This protocol could be used in a nondestructive quantitative study on embryos and their morphology in a precision poultry production system in the future.

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“…For inoculation, we used a protocol adapted from Trotereau and Schouler (2019). Briefly, for each strain, one colony was suspended in 5 mL of Mueller Hinton (MH) broth and the culture was incubated at 37°C for 5 hours.…”

Section: Chick Embryo Pathogenicity Of Selected Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description and validation of a new set of PCR markers predictive of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence

Lucas

Delannoy

Schouler

et al. 2022

Veterinary Microbiology

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Use of a Chicken Embryo Lethality Assay to Assess the Efficacy of Phage Therapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Virulence and antibiotic resistance profile of avian Escherichia coli strains isolated from colibacillosis lesions in central of Algeria

Virulence and antibiotic resistance profile of avian Escherichia coli strains isolated from colibacillosis lesions in central of Algeria

K-Means Segmentation Based-on Lab Color Space for Embryo Detection in Incubated Egg

Description and validation of a new set of PCR markers predictive of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence

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