Us and them: Social categorization and the process of intergroup bias.

Perdue, Charles; Dovidio, John F.; Gurtman, Michael B.; Tyler, Richard B.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.3.475

Cited by 396 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Participants completed two sets of 24 trials. Before each letter string, a prime was presented to the participants for 55 ms with a string of random letters as a mask before and after the prime (KQHYTPDQFPBYL and PYLDQFBYTQKPH; see Columb & Plant, 2011;Perdue, Dovidio, Gurtman, & Tyler, 1990;Plant et al, 2009).…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Obama Effect Six Years Later: The Effect of Exposure to Obama on Implicit Anti-Black Evaluative bias and Implicit Racial Stereotyping

Columb¹,

Plant²

2016

Social Cognition

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Across two studies we examined whether exposure to Obama, a positive and counter-stereotypic exemplar, reduced implicit anti-Black evaluative bias and racial stereotyping. Additionally, we evaluated whether reactions to exposure to Obama were moderated by people's explicit feelings about Obama or their perceptions of his stereotypicality. In Study 2, we extended our scope to evaluate whether a positive but stereotypic Black exemplar, Kobe Bryant, had similar effects as Obama on implicit responses. We found that exposure to either Bryant or Obama, following exposure to negative Black exemplars, caused a reduction in implicit anti-Black evaluative bias and racial stereotyping, relative to a control condition. Further, we failed to find evidence that people's explicit feelings toward Obama or their perceptions of Obama's stereotypicality moderated the effect of subliminal exposure to him on implicit responses. The implications of these findings for the role of positive exemplars on implicit responses are discussed.

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Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Obama Effect Six Years Later: The Effect of Exposure to Obama on Implicit Anti-Black Evaluative bias and Implicit Racial Stereotyping

Columb¹,

Plant²

2016

Social Cognition

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“…Emotionally, people experience more positive affect toward other members of the ingroup than they do toward members of the outgroup (Otten & Moskowitz, 2000), and they perceive ingroup members to be more trustworthy (Voci, 2006). Thinking about people in terms of ingroup pronouns ("we" and "us") over outgroup pronouns ("they" and "them") spontaneously activates more positive associations; in fact, simply associating stimuli with "we" leads to more favorable evaluations of those stimuli than without and when paired with "they" (Perdue, Dovidio, Gurtman & Tyler, 1990). Also, inducing people to refer to others as "we" rather as "them" or "you and I" creates more positive impressions of others (Dovidio & Gaertner, 1993).…”

Section: Social Mechanisms At the Basis Of Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health stigma in a multicultural society: the case of Israel

Nakash

Levav

2017

PSYE

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ABSTRACT:The paper reviews the available information on the stigma associated with mental health in a multicultural society such as that of Israel, where as usually, no group of the population is free of this complex and ubiquitous social phenomenon. To try to understand the process is reviewed the available scientific literature on the prevalence of stigma in mental health in different population sectors, putting it in relation with the knowledge that social psychology offers on social mechanisms of production and perpetuation of the stigma. Finally suggests some directions to face the heavy burden of stigma in people with mental illness.

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“…Esse processo de discriminação promove um fenômeno denominado de favori-tismo ingroup, o qual pode ser defi nido como o desejo de benefi ciar alguém do mesmo grupo (Balliet, Wu, & De Dreu, 2014). Estudos prévios exploraram as repercussões do viés de grupo, demonstrando que indivíduos: confi am mais em membros do ingroup quando expostos a uma situação de ameaça (Voci, 2006); associam palavras com conteúdo positivo ao próprio grupo (Perdue, Dovidio, Gurtman, & Tyler, 1990); aumentam a quantidade de doações para o ingroup em situações de competição (Rubin, Badea, & Jetten, 2014).…”

Section: "Nós Versus Eles"unclassified

In x out": revisando o viés de grupo através da perspectiva biológica

Shiramizu¹,

Yamamoto²

2017

Temas Psicol.

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ResumoOs fatores subjacentes ao favorecimento do endogrupo e de indiferença/hostilidade ao exogrupo são amplamente estudados pela psicologia social, onde estudos reportam que, por exemplo, indivíduos confi am mais e associam palavras positivas aos membros do mesmo grupo. O estudo desses fatores pode ajudar na compreensão de fenômenos tais como preconceito e etnocentrismo. As perspectivas evolucionista e neuroendócrina vêm sendo extremamente relevantes nos últimos anos para o estudo do favoritismo ingroup. Todavia, uma busca sistemática nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, Google Scholar e Web of Science por palavras-chave relacionadas ao viés de grupo demonstrou uma carência por publicações nesse tema no Brasil. Dos trabalhos recuperados, apenas um se enquadrava na perspectiva evolucionista e nenhum abordava os mecanismos neuroendócrinos do viés de grupo. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo é discutir o viés de grupo através de uma perspectiva biológica, explicitando as hipóteses para a evolução desses comportamentos, os métodos empregados para o estudo dos mesmos e as bases neuroendócrinas e os substratos neurais que os medeiam. Palavras-chave:Favoritismo ingroup, teoria dos jogos, neuroendocrinologia, perspectiva evolucionista. "In x Out": Reviewing the Group Bias through the Biological Perspective AbstractThe factors underlying to the ingroup favoritism and outgroup indifference/hostility are broadly studied by social psychology, where studies report that, for example, individuals trust more and associate positive words to members of the same group. The study of these factors can help in understand phenomena such as prejudice and ethonocentrism. However, a systematic search in the databases Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scielo, and Lilacs for the keywords related to group bias showed a studies shortage for this topic in Brazil. Besides, in the studies retrieved, just one fi tted into evolutionary perspective and no study has approached the neuroendocrine mechanisms of the group bias. Therefore, the objective of this study was to discuss the group bias through the biological perspective, explaining the evolutionary hypothesis to the evolution of these behaviors, the methods applied to study this topic, and the neuroendocrine basis and neural substrates mediating them.

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Us and them: Social categorization and the process of intergroup bias.

Cited by 396 publications

References 77 publications

The Obama Effect Six Years Later: The Effect of Exposure to Obama on Implicit Anti-Black Evaluative bias and Implicit Racial Stereotyping

The Obama Effect Six Years Later: The Effect of Exposure to Obama on Implicit Anti-Black Evaluative bias and Implicit Racial Stereotyping

Mental health stigma in a multicultural society: the case of Israel

In x out": revisando o viés de grupo através da perspectiva biológica

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