Background
Urticarias are frequent diseases, with 15% to 20% of the population
presenting at least one acute episode in their lifetime. Urticaria are
classified in acute ( ≤ 6 weeks) or chronic (> 6 weeks). They may
be induced or spontaneous.
Objectives
To verify the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations in chronic
spontaneous urticaria (CSU), according to the experience of Brazilian
experts, regarding the available guidelines (international and US).
Methods
A questionnaire was sent to Brazilian experts, with questions concerning
diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for CSU in adults.
Results
Sixteen Brazilian experts answered the questionnaire related to diagnosis and
therapy of CSU in adults and data were analyzed. Final text was written,
considering the available guidelines (International and US), adapted to the
medical practices in Brazil. Diagnostic work up in CSU is rarely necessary.
Biopsy of skin lesion and histopathology may be indicated to rule out other
diseases, such as, urticarial vasculitis. Other laboratory tests, such as
complete blood count, CRP, ESR and thyroid screening. Treatment of CSU
includes second-generation anti-histamines (sgAH) at licensed doses, sgAH
two, three to fourfold doses (non-licensed) and omalizumab. Other drugs,
such as, cyclosporine, immunomodulatory drugs and immunosuppressants may be
indicated (non-licensed and with limited scientific evidence).
Conclusions
Most of the Brazilian experts in this study partially agreed with the
diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations of the International and US
guidelines. They agreed with the use of sgAH at licensed doses. Increase in
the dose to fourfold of sgAH may be suggested with restrictions, due to its
non-licensed dose. Sedating anti-histamines, as suggested by the US
guideline, are indicated by some of the Brazilian experts, due to its
availability. Adaptations are mandatory in the treatment of CSU, due to
scarce or lack of other therapeutic resources in the public health system in
Brazil, such as omalizumab or cyclosporine.