Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Mediated Urinary Tract Infection

Totsika, Makrina; Moriel, Danilo Gomes; Idris, Adi; Rogers, Benjamin A.; Wurpel, Daniël J.; Phan, Minh Duy; Paterson, David L.; Schembri, Mark A.

doi:10.2174/138945012803530206

Cited by 105 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…These infections cause significant morbidity and are of increasing concern due to the frequent occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains (38). In mouse infection models, the expression of Ag43 by UPEC contributes to bladder colonization and IBC formation (10,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antigen 43 structure reveals a molecular Velcro-like mechanism of autotransporter-mediated bacterial clumping

Heras

Totsika

Peters

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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112

188

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Aggregation and biofilm formation are critical mechanisms for bacterial resistance to host immune factors and antibiotics. Autotransporter (AT) proteins, which represent the largest group of outer-membrane and secreted proteins in Gram-negative bacteria, contribute significantly to these phenotypes. Despite their abundance and role in bacterial pathogenesis, most AT proteins have not been structurally characterized, and there is a paucity of detailed information with regard to their mode of action. Here we report the structure-function relationships of Antigen 43 (Ag43a), a prototypic self-associating AT protein from uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The functional domain of Ag43a displays a twisted L-shaped β-helical structure firmly stabilized by a 3D hydrogenbonded scaffold. Notably, the distinctive Ag43a L shape facilitates self-association and cell aggregation. Combining all our data, we define a molecular "Velcro-like" mechanism of AT-mediated bacterial clumping, which can be tailored to fit different bacterial lifestyles such as the formation of biofilms.Ag43 | virulence factor | structural biology | urinary tract infection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antigen 43 structure reveals a molecular Velcro-like mechanism of autotransporter-mediated bacterial clumping

Heras

Totsika

Peters

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

112

188

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Pored toga, epitelne ćelije urinarnog trakta sekretuju citokine koji posreduju u inflamatornom odgovoru domaćina. Tako produkcija IL-8 sa snažnim hemotaktičkim dejstvom ima veoma znača-jan uticaj na migraciju polimorfonuklearnih neutrofilnih leukocita koji predstavljaju važan odbrambeni mehanizam u odgovoru na infekciju uropatogenim bakterijamama [11,12]. Specifični odbrambeni mehanizmi obuhvataju humoralni i celularni imunski odgovor.…”

Section: Infekcija Mokraćnih Puteva -Primer Interakcije Domaćin-mikrunclassified

Rekurentne infekcije mokraćnih puteva: antimikrobna i imunoaktivna profilaksa

Djukanović

2015

Biomedicinska istraž.

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Kratak sadržajInfekcije mokraćnih puteva su najčešće bakterijske vanbolničke infekcije od kojih češće oboljevaju žene, а оko 20% do 35% žena nakon prve ima ponovnu infekciju mokraćnih puteva. Rekurentnom infekcijom mokraćnih puteva se smatra infekcija koje se ponavljala najmanje tri puta u prethodnoj godini. Faktori rizika za rekurentne infekcije mokraćnih puteva su menopauza, pozitivna porodična anamneza o urinarnim infekcijama, seksualna aktivnost, promena seksualnog partnera, korišćenje spermicida, kao i deficit lokalnog imuniteta. U svim slučajevima u kojima se dokaže da se radi o renfekcijama neophodno je da se primene mere profilakse.Profilaksa se može sprovoditi antimikrobnim lekovima i drugim metodama i sredstvima. Antimikrobni lekovi se primenjuju kontinuirano ili postkoitalno u trajanju od godinu dana, a kod motivisanih bolesnica može se primeniti samozapočinjanje antimikrobne terapije pri recidivu infekcije.Ostale ne-antimikrobne mere profilakse obuhvataju vaginalnu primenu estrogena kod žena u postmenopauzi koje nisu na hormonskoj supstitucionoj terapiji estrogenima, vaginalnu primenu laktobacila, imunoprofilaksu, kao i korišćenje produkata brusnice, izbegavanje primene spermicida, izbegavanje kupanja u kadi i penama. Imunoaktivna profilaksa (vakcine) rekurentnih infekcija mokraćnih puteva je uvedena sa ciljem da se stimuliše lokalni imunski odgovor protiv uropatogenih bakterija. Vakcine su sastavljene ili od umrtvljenih uropatogenih bakterija ili od liofilizovanih proteina membrane uropatogenih bakterija. Da bi se prevazišla velika antigenska varijabilnost uropatogenih bakterija i njihovi različiti mehanizmi virulencije, brojna eksprimentalna istraživanja su usmerena ka proizvodnji vakcina protiv pojedinih komponenti virulencije bakterija, kao i vakcina protiv genetski modifikovanih sojeva bakterija.Postojanje brojnih mera profilakse govori o njihovoj nedovoljnoj efikasnosti, a kombinovano i uporno sprovođenje proverenih mera predstavlja, za sada, jedini način za sprečavanje recidiva infekcije.Ključne reči: rekurentne infekcije mokraćnih puteva, profilaksa, vakcine UvodInfekcija mokraćnih puteva je naziv koji označava prodor mikroorganizama u prethodno sterilan mokraćni sistem, njihovo razmnožavanje i održavanje koje izaziva zapaljenje kao odgovor domaćina. One predstavljaju ne samo ozbiljan zdravstveni nego

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“…This invasion by the bacteria can occur as early as the first 1-3 hours of infection. There is intermittent shedding of the bacteria out of these cells into the lumen of the bladder, and the bacteria inside the cells are shielded from the host's immune system and antimicrobial agents [3,4].…”

Section: Virulence Factor Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immune Response to Urinary Tract Infections Involving Escherichia coli

Reygaert¹

2014

J Clin Cell Immunol

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The innate immune system responds in a rapid, initially nonspecific manner to infection in the urinary tract. There are many molecules and cells involved in this response. These include: antimicrobial peptides, toll-like receptors, chemokines, cytokines, and neutrophils. The most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The innate immune system responds to the presence of flagella, fimbriae, and the lipopolysaccharide outer membrane of these bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are used to lyse the bacteria and also prevent the bacteria from binding to epithelial cells in the urinary tract. The toll-like receptors sense the presence of the bacteria and signal for the production of molecules that cause immune and inflammation responses. The various chemokines and cytokines such as CXCL8, CCL2, interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A), and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), are used for much of the signaling in innate immunity. In addition, neutrophils play a major role in rapid removal of invading bacteria. The rapid innate immune response is designed to remove most of the bacteria within 24 hours in an uncomplicated UTI. This review presents an overview of the innate immune response to UTIs caused by UPEC and the host molecules and cells involved.

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Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Mediated Urinary Tract Infection

Cited by 105 publications

References 199 publications

The antigen 43 structure reveals a molecular Velcro-like mechanism of autotransporter-mediated bacterial clumping

The antigen 43 structure reveals a molecular Velcro-like mechanism of autotransporter-mediated bacterial clumping

Rekurentne infekcije mokraćnih puteva: antimikrobna i imunoaktivna profilaksa

Innate Immune Response to Urinary Tract Infections Involving Escherichia coli

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