Urologic Aspects of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Warden, Steven S.; Fiveash, Joseph G.; Tynes, William V.; Schellhammer, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)55000-4

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Until robust research in the form of a cohort or case–control study can prove otherwise, it would be prudent to continue existing clinical practice of conducting extended renal and/or retroperitoneal scans when diagnosing a varicocele on scrotal ultrasound in patients of all ages. 49,53,56,57,62–64,66 This contradicts other research that states that extended scans are only relevant in: older patients where a varicocele has developed; 18 varicoceles that remain tense in a supine position or when a solitary right-sided varicocele is discovered. 31…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…18 This disagreement and the research evidence to support the clinical practice of extending the scrotal US scan to include a renal assessment or to perform extended retroperitoneal sonography remains inconclusive. 49,53,56,57,62–64,66…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research evidence to support current clinical practice of extending scrotal US scan to include renal assessment, or to perform extended retroperitoneal sonography, is inconclusive. 49,53,56,57,62–64,66 We suggest, until robust evidence is produced, that a more prudent approach should be used to perform extended renal or retroperitoneal sonography on all varicocele patients regardless of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is There a Co-Association Between Renal or Retroperitoneal Tumours and Scrotal Varicoceles? A Systematic Review

2012

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Scrotal varicoceles, which are relatively common, are sometimes caused by venous flow disturbance resulting from a renal or retroperitoneal tumour. Consequently, it is common practice to perform extended renal and retroperitoneal scans following varicocele identification. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the extent of the co-association between renal or retroperitoneal tumours and scrotal varicoceles using primary research literature. We conducted a search of 11 electronic databases; hand-searched five relevant textbooks; and conducted forward- and backward-citation searches of included articles. Articles that were included were assessed for research quality and data extracted. Twenty-four articles were found, comprising 19 case reports and five case series, reporting 35 cases in total. All cases had both a varicocele and a tumour (renal, retroperitoneal or other). We found no cohort or case–control studies. In conclusion, case reports and case series are susceptible to significant publication bias and the lack of any cohort or case–control studies meant that it was not possible to establish the extent of the co-association between renal or retroperitoneal tumours and scrotal varicoceles. It was not possible to estimate the value of conducting an extended scan in patients with scrotal varicoceles. Research is needed, particularly of a cohort or case-control design and including a robust sampling method, to examine the extent of any co-association. Meanwhile, extended renal or retroperitoneal scans should be undertaken when diagnosing all varicoceles, regardless of patient age, until this research is completed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is There a Co-Association Between Renal or Retroperitoneal Tumours and Scrotal Varicoceles? A Systematic Review

2012

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“…However, metastasis to the bladder is rare. Warden et al ( 10 ) examined 20 cases of pancreatic cancer with urological involvement, excluding cases of bladder metastasis. Malignant tumors resulting in bladder metastasis are those of the pelvic organs, including urogenital, colon and rectal cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic cancer diagnosed by the detection of gross hematuria due to urinary bladder metastasis: A case report

et al. 2021

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Pancreatic cancer is not easy to detect at its early stages due to difficulties in identifying symptoms at these stages. As it progresses, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, jaundice and pain in the back, especially the lower back, might develop. Moreover, sudden onset or worsening of diabetes mellitus may be seen, which often prompts screening for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Since it rapidly spreads to surrounding tissues and organs, pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. However, metastasis to the bladder is rare, with few cases diagnosed on the basis of detecting gross hematuria. The current study presents a case of gross hematuria and exacerbated diabetes in a 90-year-old woman. Cystoscopy revealed a non-papillary tumor in the posterior bladder wall. Pathological examination of bladder tumor specimens obtained via transurethral resection revealed adenocarcinoma. Subsequent systemic examinations revealed primary pancreatic cancer that had metastasized to the bladder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case of pancreatic cancer diagnosed based on the detection of gross hematuria due to bladder metastasis, since 1992.

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