Urolithiasis in Pediatric Patients

Milliner, Dawn S.; Murphy, Mary E.

doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60043-3

Cited by 290 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…16 Rates of 20% to 48% have also been reported, 5,16,17 and our rate may have been higher given a longer period of follow-up. Of recurrences, 71% occurred in patients with a metabolic abnormality, which falls into the 30% to 95% range quoted in the literature.…”

Section: Cuaj • August 2008 • Volume 2 Issue 4 384supporting

confidence: 54%

“…The etiology of urolithiasis in children is largely unknown, 5,6 though anatomic genitourinary and metabolic abnormalities and infection are usually coexistent in this population. 7 To decrease morbidity and long-term effects of pediatric urolithiasis, it is essential to assess the characteristics and etiology of the patients' stones to carefully plan an appropriate management strategy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pediatric urolithiasis: experience at a tertiary care pediatric hospital

Kit

Filler

Pike

et al. 2013

CUAJ

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Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical characteristics, evaluation and course of patients with urolithiasis at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario to improve current diagnostic and management strategies. Methods:This was a retrospective study of children with newly identified urolithiasis between Jan. 1, 1999, and July 31, 2004. Cases were reviewed for demographics, presentation, family history, diagnostic methods and findings, metabolic and anatomic abnormalities, management, stone analysis and stone recurrence.Results: Seventy-two patients (40 male, 32 female; mean age 11.3 yr) were assessed. Mean follow-up was at 1.5 years. Eighteen patients (25%) had a family history of stones. Flank pain (63%) was the most common presentation. Eighty-two percent of urinalyses showed microscopic hematuria. Imaging comprised abdominal plain film radiography (56%) and (or) abdominal ultrasonography (74%). The mean stone size was 5 mm. Forty-one percent (28/69) of patients who underwent metabolic investigation had an abnormality. Fourteen percent of patients (10/72) had a genitourinary anatomical abnormality. Thirtyfour patients (47%) passed their stones spontaneously, 25 patients (35%) required surgical intervention and 13 patients (18%) had yet to pass their stone. The mean size of spontaneously passed stones was 4 mm. Of 42 stones analyzed, 39 (93%) were composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Seventeen (24%) patients had stone recurrence during follow-up. Conclusion:Pediatric patients with stones present in a manner similar to adults.Abdominal plain film radiography and ultrasonography are the preferred initial radiological investigations in children as they limit radiation exposure. Metabolic abnormalities are common and may coexist with anatomic abnormalities, therefore investigations must rule these out. One-half of patients will pass their stones spontaneously. Recurrence rates are high and long-term followup is recommended.

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Section: Cuaj • August 2008 • Volume 2 Issue 4 384supporting

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric urolithiasis: experience at a tertiary care pediatric hospital

Kit

Filler

Pike

et al. 2013

CUAJ

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“…14,15,17,18 En çok saptanan metabolik anomaliler hiperkalsiüri, hiperoksalüri, hipositratüri, sistinüri ve hiperürikozü-ridir. Hiperkalsiüri ve hipositratüri en sık bildirilen metabolik anomalilerdir.…”

Section: Patofi̇zyoloji̇unclassified

“…15 Bu nedenle metabolik değerlendirme, erişkin hastalar için tekrarlayan taş olguları ile bütün çocuk hastalara yapılmalıdır. 16 …”

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Urolithiasis in Childhood: Review

Zeybek¹,

Orman²

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr

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“…The spot urine calcium/ creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) is frequently used in the diagnosis of hypercalciuria because of difficulties in collecting 24-hour urine in children (1,2,(4)(5)(6). In children aged above seven months, a uCa/Cr value of ≥0.21 is considered hypercalciuria (4,5,7). However, other studies have considered different UCa/Cr values as limit values (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion in school-aged children in the province of Tokat

et al. 2016

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Aim: Hypercalciuria is an important cause of urinary tract symptoms, and also frequently results in urolithiasis. Urinary calcium excretion varies for geographic areas. We aimed to assess percentiles of urinary calcium excretion and prevalence of hypercalciuria for school-aged children in Tokat (city located in inner northern region of Turkey). Material and Methods:One thousand three hundred seventy-five children aged 6 to 18 years were enrolled in the study. Urine samples were obtained randomly. The children's variables as sex, age, length, and weight were recorded. Urinary calcium and creatinine determined from the urine samples and urinary calcium/creatinine ratios (mg/mg) were calculated. Percentiles of urinary calcium/creatinine ratios were also assessed for each age of the children.Results: Six hundred eighty-three of the 1 375 children were girls and 692 were boys. The mean age of the children was 11.68±3.43 years. Some 23.9% of the children were living in rural regions and 76.1% were were living in urban regions. The mean urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0.080±0.24 and the 95th percentile value of the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio was 0.278. The hypercalciuria prevalence for school-aged children was 4.7% when the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio value for hypercalciuria was accepted as ≥0.21. The prevalence of hypercalciuria in rural and urban regions was 7.60% and 3.82%, respectively (p<0.05). Hypercalciuria was present in 7 of 141 patients who were obese (4.96%) and 58 of 1 234 patients who were not obese (4.70%) (p>0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion vary for different geographic areas, not only for countries. The percentiles of urinary calcium excretion should be assesed for every geographic region and the prevalance of hypercalciuria should be determined with these values. There is controversy as to whether obesity is a risk factor for hypercalciuria. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2016; 51: 193-7)

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Urolithiasis in Pediatric Patients

Cited by 290 publications

References 35 publications

Pediatric urolithiasis: experience at a tertiary care pediatric hospital

Pediatric urolithiasis: experience at a tertiary care pediatric hospital

Urolithiasis in Childhood: Review

Prevalence of hypercalciuria and urinary calcium excretion in school-aged children in the province of Tokat

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