Urine Proteomic Study in OAB Patients—Preliminary Report

Abstract

Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined by International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/ International Continence Society (ICS) as urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI) or other obvious pathology. The pathophysiology of OAB is not well understood, however a number of different proteins and cytokines including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were found to be important in regulating structural integrity of the bladder wall. Proteome analysis may thus provide significant information with regard to OAB and may help in discovering novel diagnostic disease biomarkers. Sixteen Caucasian women aged 32–78 were included in the study. Patients were placed within 2 groups: OAB group (n = 8) and control group (n = 8). Urine samples were collected, immediately preserved in a protease inhibitor mixture, and frozen at −80 ℃. All samples were then further processed according to the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) manual. Proteins were labeled and analyzed in the mass spectrometer conjugated with liquid chromatograph (data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD017799). There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data between control and OAB groups. VCAM-1 was the only protein that reached statistical significance as a differentiating protein in both of our experiments assessing the proteomic constitution in OAB patients. Studies involving a larger group of patients may provide further information on urinary bladder proteomics.

Characteristics of the Urinary Proteome in Women with Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

“…Our findings may indicate a disruption in the capability of the urinary bladder tissue to adequately respond to external stimuli in OAB patients—possibly due to an altered immune response. One smaller proteomic study on OAB identified the protein VCAM-1 as only significantly different protein when compared to controls [ 18 ]. VCAM-1 protein plays a role in immune response and leukocyte emigration and can be located in the pathway categories “extracellular matrix organization” and “immune system”.…”

“…We have successfully used this approach previously, and were able to identify a urinary proteomic pattern in women with stress urinary incontinence [ 16 , 17 ]. Preliminary findings from a urinary proteomic study on OAB describe vascular cell adhesion protein (VCAM-1) in significantly different abundance in OAB patients compared to controls, but this study included only 16 samples [ 18 ]. Identification and comparison of the urinary proteome in patients with OAB should contribute to a more profound understanding of the etiology and could provide a basis for new treatment options.…”

Platelet Rich Plasma in Gynecology—Discovering Undiscovered—Review

“…Its incidence is assumed to be as high as 52-67 per 100,000 cases in the United States [40]. Although OAB and IC/PBS are considered to be separate pathological conditions there is growing scientific evidence that both are related to structural, synaptic, and complex signaling pathway changes that trigger altered bladder sensation [41]. Recently, the efficacy of intravesical instillation with PRP and hyaluronic acid for cyclophosphamide-induced acute IC/PBS was investigated in a rat model.…”

Diabetes mellitus, systemic inflammation and overactive bladder

“…Recent studies have shown that the vicious cycle of chronic inflammation and related stresses is associated with several diabetic complications, including atherosclerosis, nephropathy, and cystopathy, which have been demonstrated in both human and animal experiments ( 15 – 17 ). The pathophysiology of OAB is not well understood; however, chronic systemic inflammation and bladder urothelial inflammation, including some inflammatory proteins and cytokines, may contribute to the onset of OAB ( 15 , 18 ). An increasing number of studies suggest that DBD and OAB are slow-onset and slow-progressing complications, and among them, inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and NLRP3 play an important role ( 19 , 20 ).…”