Urine nitrification robustness for application in space: Effect of high salinity and the response to extreme free ammonia concentrations

Janiak, Kamil; Jurga, Anna; Wizimirska, Anna; Miodoński, Stanisław; Muszyński-Huhajło, Mateusz; Ratkiewicz, Krzysztof; Zięba, Bartosz

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111610

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Statista, in 2021, the global production of cucumber increased to over 93 million metric tons, making cucumber the third most-produced vegetable. The production of NUG in the nitrification reactor was conducted as described in [ 39 ]. NUG is not an ideal medium for plant growth, although it allows for the growth of lettuce [ 7 ], whereas cucumber is unable to grow properly on this medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Media containing human urine are always high in sodium and chloride ions [ 18 ]. Moreover, during the nitrification process, Na ions were introduced as NaHCO 3 to adjust the pH and serve as an alkalinity source for nitrifying bacteria [ 39 ]. Salt stress contributes to potassium–sodium imbalance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of all types of media used in the experiment is described in Table 1 . The production process of urine and grey water was described in detail in [ 7 , 39 ]. A short description is also presented in the Supplementary Materials (Section S1) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Water and Nutrient Recovery for Cucumber Hydroponic Cultivation in Simultaneous Biological Treatment of Urine and Grey Water

Wdowikowska

Reda

Kabała

et al. 2023

Plants

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water and nutrient deficiencies in soil are becoming a serious threat to crop production. Therefore, usable water and nutrient recovery from wastewater, such as urine and grey water, should be considered. In this work, we showed the possibility of using grey water and urine after processing in an aerobic reactor with activated sludge in which the nitrification process takes place. The resulting liquid (nitrified urine and grey water, NUG) contains three potential factors that can adversely affect plant growth in a hydroponic system: anionic surfactants, nutrient deficits, and salinity. After dilution and supplementation with small amounts of macro- and micro-elements, NUG was suitable for cucumber cultivation. Plant growth on this modified medium (enriched nitrified urine and grey water, NUGE) was similar to that of plants cultivated on Hoagland solution (HS) and reference commercial fertilizer (RCF). The modified medium (NUGE) contained a significant amount of sodium (Na) ions. Therefore, typical effects of salt stress were observed in cucumber plants, including reduced chlorophyll levels, slightly weaker photosynthesis parameters, increased H2O2 levels, lipid peroxidation, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, and proline content in the leaves. In addition, reduced protein levels were observed in plants treated with recycled medium. At the same time, lower nitrate content in tissues was found, which may have resulted from their intensive use by nitrate reductase (NR), the activity of which significantly increased. Although cucumber is a glycophyte, it grew very well in this recycled medium. Interestingly, salt stress and possibly anionic surfactants promoted flower formation, which in turn could positively affect plant yield.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Water and Nutrient Recovery for Cucumber Hydroponic Cultivation in Simultaneous Biological Treatment of Urine and Grey Water

Wdowikowska

Reda

Kabała

et al. 2023

Plants

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nitrification was carried out in a 150 L pilot scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), which is shown in Figure 1 (for more details see Janiak et al [28]). The system was capable of data acquisition and automatically controlling all of the major processes (filling and decanting, pH control, oxygen control, temperature control, mixing, aeration).…”

Section: Urine Nitrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1. SBR set-up for nitrification of the synthetic urine (for more details see Janiak et al [28]). PLC-programmable logic controller.…”

Section: Hydroponic Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. capitata L.)

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The application of hydroponic cultivation fertilized with biologically nitrified synthetic urine can produce nitrate-rich fertilizer for lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.). The mounting water crisis and depletion of natural resources makes nitrogen recovery from human urine a practical option. Nitrified urine can be used in indoor vertical hydroponic cultivation and is characterized by a high degree of element recovery. Because of its high ammonium content, hydrolyzed fresh urine may be toxic. A nitrification sequencing batch reactor with suspended activated sludge biomass ensured urine stabilization and biological conversion into nitrate-rich fertilizer. The diluted nitrate-rich fertilizer was then supplied for soilless cultivation. The results show that diluted nitrified urine is an excellent source of bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus and, with proper enrichment with microelements, could replace commercial fertilizers in hydroponic systems. The yield and quality parameters of lettuce cultivated with enriched urine were comparable to those obtained with a commercial fertilizer. The mass balance calculation showed that industry-scale lettuce production can be based on urine fertilizer collected from a few hundred people for a single unit.

show abstract

Nutrients in a circular economy: Role of urine separation and treatment

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urine nitrification robustness for application in space: Effect of high salinity and the response to extreme free ammonia concentrations

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Water and Nutrient Recovery for Cucumber Hydroponic Cultivation in Simultaneous Biological Treatment of Urine and Grey Water

Water and Nutrient Recovery for Cucumber Hydroponic Cultivation in Simultaneous Biological Treatment of Urine and Grey Water

Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. capitata L.)

Nutrients in a circular economy: Role of urine separation and treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About