Urine markers in monitoring for prostate cancer

Jamaspishvili, Tamara; Král, Milan; Khomeriki, I; Študent, Vladimír; Kolář, Zdeněk; Bouchal, Jan

doi:10.1038/pcan.2009.31

Cited by 71 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…In this context, new biomarkers of CaP carcinoma are increasingly studied with the prospect to serve as a useful tool for early diagnosis without clinical examinations and/or invasive interventions (11,12). Novel potential biomarkers with the possibility to be determined in urine include α-methylacyl-CoA-racemase (AMACR) (13), PCA3 (prostatic antigen 3) (14,15) and Annexin A3 (13,16). Other reported potential biomarkers detectable in serum include kallikrein 2, fibronectin 1, urokinase-type plasminogen activator/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), interleukin-6 and interleukin-6 receptor (17,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of common urine substances as an assay for improving prostate carcinoma diagnostics

et al. 2014

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Abstract.Recently, interest in the identification of non-invasive markers for prostate carcinoma detectable in the urine of patients has increased. In this study, we monitored the abundance of potential non-invasive markers of prostate carcinoma such as amino acid sarcosine, involved in the metabolism of amino acids and methylation processes, ongoing during the progression of prostate carcinoma. In addition, other potential prostate tumor markers were studied. The most significant markers, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and free PSA (fPSA), already used in clinical diagnosis, were analyzed using an immunoenzymometric assay. Whole amino acid profiles were also determined to evaluate the status of amino acids in patient urine samples and to elucidate the possibility of their utilization for prostate carcinoma diagnosis. To obtain the maximum amount of information, the biochemical parameters were determined using various spectrophotometric methods. All results were subjected to statistical processing for revealing different correlations between the studied parameters. We observed alterations in most of the analyzed substances. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the specificity of prostate carcinoma diagnosis could be improved by determination of common urine metabolites, since we compiled a set of tests, including the analysis of sarcosine, proline, PSA and uric acid in the urine. These metabolites were not observed in the urine obtained from healthy subjects, while their levels were elevated in all patients suffering from prostate carcinoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of common urine substances as an assay for improving prostate carcinoma diagnostics

et al. 2014

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“…Despite the evident benefit of PSA evaluation, digital rectal investigation has its importance in the diagnostics and it should not be neglected by a general practitioner [9,10]. Besides PSA, there have been identified and tested other markers [11][12][13][14][15][16], including those detected in urine [17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it is necessary to accentuate that a large amount of tumors is asymptomatic (up to 80 %).They are usually evidenced only at dissection of departed in connection with other cause of disease or at surgery [17]. Based of above mentioned facts, it is proper to sub-classify prostate tumors into two groups: 1. significant tumor swith direct risk to a life; 2. non-significant tumors, where risk to a life is highly improbable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation ofalpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, metallothionein and prostate specific antigen as prostate cancer prognostic markers

Gumulec¹,

Masařík²,

Křížková³

et al. 2012

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Current diagnostic techniques are inefficient in distinguishing latent and low-risk forms of prostate cancer from high-risk forms. The present study is focused on determination of putative tumor markers of aggressive high-grade forms of prostate cancer. Potential markers were determined in blood sera of 133 patients (82 cases and 51 controls) and in cell lines (Gleason score 9-derived 22Rv1 and normal tissue derived PNT1A) on mRNA and protein levels. Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), metallothionein classes 1A and 2A (MT1A and MT2A) were determined and compared to prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. On mRNA level, significantly increased expression of MT2A (2.4-fold), PSA (2.6-fold) and AMACR (8.4-fold) and insignificantly (1.9-fold) elevated MT1A in 22Rv1 compared to non-tumor PNT1A were determined. On protein level, significant enhancement of free PSA and total PSA in tumor cell line was evident. AMACR protein was 1.5-fold elevated in tumor line (below the level of significance). Contrary to mRNA, significantly (p = 0.01) reduced level of MT protein in tumor lines was determined. In the case of serum level, significantly enhanced MT level (4.5-fold) in patients' sera was found. No significant changes were observed in the case of AMACR. These findings indicate possible alternative role of MT to PSA prostate cancer marker. In addition, level of AMACR is distinctly higher in the Gleason score 9 in serum of patients and MT shows a descending trend in relation to Gleason score.

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“…ETV1, 4 ceteris paribus may increase the malignant potential of cells and cause cancerogenesis. According to several studies, prostate cancers with this fusion are more aggressive and have a worse prognosis although the results of other studies do not support this hypothesis 62,63 . The loss-of-function mutation of KLF 6 (Krüppel-like factor 6 at chromosome 10p15) is another genetic change which can lead to cell proliferation deregulation.…”

Section: Fusion Genes and Other Alterations In Sporadic Cancersmentioning

confidence: 91%