Urine dipsticks in screening for diabetes mellitus

Wei, Oren

doi:10.1136/emj.2005.033456

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Descriptive statistics of categorical variables grouped by participation *a high-risk job represents any job position involving an activity that may seriously endanger the safety and health of the worker himself or of the other workers or third parties. The FINDRISC score of 10 for dysglycemia screening is consistent with data from other studies [11,7]. The results confirm that random capillary blood glucose [12] and the urinary dipstick glycosuria [13] are not suitable as screening tests for dysglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Occupational medicine type 2 diabetes screening in Luxembourg

Macovei¹,

Schritz²,

Majéry³

et al. 2019

Diabetes Updates

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Background: Type 2 diabetes, accounting for 90% of diabetes cases, is often diagnosed several years after its onset, once the complications are already present, resulting in considerable economic loss. Early and effective detection should avoid or delay the consequences it may have.Aims: This study aims to optimize diabetes screening in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, among the active population on the labor market. Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a participatory survey, which included workers between the ages of 18 and 65, who have never been diagnosed with diabetes. Employees responded to the FINDRISC questionnaire and had a measurement of capillary blood glucose and an glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assay. The aim was to establish the level of predictability and reliability of the FINDRISC questionnaire and the correlation with capillary blood glucose and HbA1c. Results:The univariable model of the FINDRISC score (threshold >= 10) seems to be the most suitable for the detection of dysglycemia in an occupational medicine setting.Conclusions: Employees with a FINDRISC score <10 will be re-evaluated at the next periodical examination, those with a FINDRISC score> = 10 and a low-risk job position will be referred for follow-up to their family physicians; in addition, for those with FINDRISC score> = 10 and a high-risk job position an HbA1c assay will be performed at the occupational medicine clinic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The FINDRISC score was developed in Finland following the need for a non-invasive tool for screening for type 2 diabetes [6]. It is the most commonly used questionnaire for detecting undiagnosed diabetes [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational medicine type 2 diabetes screening in Luxembourg

Macovei¹,

Schritz²,

Majéry³

et al. 2019

Diabetes Updates

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“…Another review found five studies reporting a range of sensitivity from 18% to 74% for urine glucose test strips. 7 The review concluded that urine glucose test strips are not sufficient for screening for diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported threshold varies and is affected by kidney function. 6 Although their low sensitivity makes them inadequate for use as a screening tool, 7–9 the WHO acknowledges that they may have a place in low-resource settings where other tests are not possible and the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes may be high. 9 Currently, many people are not diagnosed until severe complications develop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of self-administered urine glucose test strips as a diabetes screening tool in a low-resource setting in Cambodia

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveScreening for diabetes in low-resource countries is a growing challenge, necessitating tests that are resource and context appropriate. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of a self-administered urine glucose test strip compared with alternative diabetes screening tools in a low-resource setting of Cambodia.DesignProspective cross-sectional study.SettingMembers of the Borey Santepheap Community in Cambodia (Phnom Penh Municipality, District Dangkao, Commune Chom Chao).ParticipantsAll households on randomly selected streets were invited to participate, and adults at least 18 years of age living in the study area were eligible for inclusion.OutcomesThe accuracy of self-administered urine glucose test strip positivity, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)>6.5% and capillary fasting blood glucose (cFBG) measurement ≥126 mg/dL were assessed against a composite reference standard of cFBGmeasurement ≥200 mg/dL or venous blood glucose 2 hours after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL.ResultsOf the 1289 participants, 234 (18%) had diabetes based on either cFBG measurement (74, 32%) or the OGTT (160, 68%). The urine glucose test strip was 14% sensitive and 99% specific and failed to identify 201 individuals with diabetes while falsely identifying 7 without diabetes. Those missed by the urine glucose test strip had lower venous fasting blood glucose, lower venous blood glucose 2 hours after OGTT and lower HbA1c compared with those correctly diagnosed.ConclusionsLow cost, easy to use diabetes tools are essential for low-resource communities with minimal infrastructure. While the urine glucose test strip may identify persons with diabetes that might otherwise go undiagnosed in these settings, its poor sensitivity cannot be ignored. The massive burden of diabetes in low-resource settings demands improvements in test technologies.

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“…Others have advocated measuring lactate to assist in the establishment of the presence of antemortem hyperglycemia [478]. Testing of urine using a clinical 'dipstick' is not a perfect tool for detecting unsuspected diabetes [479]. Armanni-Ebstein change may be seen in the kidneys following hyperglycemia [480].…”

Section: Toxic and Metabolic Causes Of Sudden Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden adult death

Langlois

2009

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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In the investigation of sudden death in adults, channelopathies, such as long QT syndrome, have risen to the fore in the minds of forensic pathologists in recent years. Examples of these disorders are touched upon in this review as an absence of abnormal findings at postmortem examination is characteristic and the importance of considering the diagnosis lies in the heritable nature of these conditions. Typically, a diagnosis of a possible channelopathy is evoked as an explanation for a 'negative autopsy' in a case of apparent sudden natural death. However, the one potential adverse effect of this approach is that subtle causes of sudden death may be overlooked. The intention of this article is to review and discuss potential causes of sudden adult death (mostly natural) that should be considered before resorting to a diagnosis of possible channelopathy. Nonetheless, it becomes apparent that many of the potential causes of sudden death can have a genetic basis. Thus, it becomes an important consideration that there may be a genetic basis to sudden death that extends beyond the negative autopsy.

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Urine dipsticks in screening for diabetes mellitus

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Occupational medicine type 2 diabetes screening in Luxembourg

Occupational medicine type 2 diabetes screening in Luxembourg

Diagnostic accuracy of self-administered urine glucose test strips as a diabetes screening tool in a low-resource setting in Cambodia

Sudden adult death

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