Urine-derived cells for human cell therapy

Abstract

Desirable cells for human cell therapy would be ones that can be generated by simple isolation and culture techniques using a donor sample obtained by non-invasive methods. To date, the different donor-specific cells that can be isolated from blood, skin, and hair require invasive methods for sample isolation and incorporate complex and costly reagents to culture. These cells also take considerable time for their in-vitro isolation and expansion. Previous studies suggest that donor-derived cells, namely urine stem cells and renal cells, may be isolated from human urine samples using a cost-effective and simple method of isolation, incorporating not such complex reagents. Moreover, the isolated cells, particularly urine stem cells, are superior to conventional stem cell sources in terms of favourable gene profile and inherent multipotent potential. Transdifferentiation or differentiation of human urine-derived cells can generate desirable cells for regenerative therapy. In this review, we intended to discuss the characteristics and therapeutic applications of urine-derived cells for human cell therapy. Conclusively, with detailed study and optimisation, urine-derived cells have a prospective future to generate functional lineage-specific cells for patients from a clinical translation point of view.

Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Applications in Regenerative and Predictive Medicine

“…According to the results, type 1 cells were thought to be a urothelial population, originated within the urinary tract, while type 2 were considered renal tubular cells [19]. [19,20], glomerular pericytes [21,22], renal interstitial cells [21,23,24] and vascular endothelial cells [21,25]. Lower urinary tract urine-derived stem cells (UDSC) belong to epithelial (urothelial) cells from ureter, urinary bladder and urethra [19,21,26].…”

“…Besides distinct CD markers, the exact origin of UDSC can be studied through the detection of other specific markers for various cell populations of the urinary system. Detailed comparisons of the phenotype of UDSC with renal tubular cells, urothelial, endothelial, interstitial and other types of cells was already published by Manaph et al [22]. Although most UDSC markers are similar to that of MSC, the former cells also express other markers of pluripotent cells, including POU5F1 or octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (Oct 3/4), a VMyc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homologue (c-Myc), as well as renal markers, such as sine oculis homeobox homologue 2 (SIX2) or the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) [22].…”

Urine as a Main Effector in Urological Tissue Engineering—A Double-Edged Sword

“…UDSCs have many other advantages, such as non-invasive harvest, low-cost, and straightforward procedures that can be used for the collection of cells. In contrast, liposuction and other invasive techniques are required for the isolation of MSCs, ADSCs, or hair-follicle stem cells (HFSCs) samples [37]. Furthermore, UDSCs (excluding UTI and anuria) can be obtained irrespective of the age, sex, and health status of an individual.…”

“…UDSCs secrete almost 25 types of angiogenic paracrine growth factors that include VEGF, FGF, IGF, HGF, PDGF, and MMP. Angiogenic and immunomodulatory growth factors from UDSCs play a significant role in vascularization [37].…”

Correction to: Urine-derived cells for human cell therapy

“…The original article [ 1 ] contained a small typo affecting the co-author, Mohammed Al-Hawwas’s name. This error has now been corrected.…”