Urine as Sample Type for Molecular Diagnosis of Natural Yellow Fever Virus Infections

Reusken, Chantal; Knoester, Marjolein; GeurtsvanKessel, Corine; Knapen, Daan G; Bierman, Wouter F W; Pas, Suzan D.

doi:10.1128/jcm.01113-17

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2 is consistent with published guidelines and expert opinion (2,26,29,43). Viremia data in the literature come from case reports or small case series, which predominantly focus on severe cases in returning travelers and which utilize a variety of assays with different reported units of measurement (10,31,39,65,69,(75)(76)(77). Detectable viremia may occur as early as 2 to 3 days postinfection (26,43), and it is expected that patients develop relatively high viral loads in serum/plasma, which are necessary to infect Aedes mosquitoes and maintain human-mosquito-human transmission.…”

Section: Rna Detectionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Indeed, serum/plasma viral loads of Ͼ8.0 log 10 genome equivalents/ml have been reported (39,69). It also appears that serum/plasma viral loads may decay slowly in severe YF cases (10, 31, 69, 75), at least compared to dengue cases (78), and in a single case, YFV viremia was detected until day 20 (77). Current recommendations from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) support molecular testing during the first 10 days of illness (29).…”

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular testing performed on other specimens may extend the window of YFV RNA detection. In urine samples, YFV RNA has been detected as early as 1 day after vaccination and up to 21 to 27 days following vaccination or the onset of symptoms in naturally occurring infection (30,77,80,81). A single individual has been described who had a positive urine YFV rRT-PCR 198 days after vaccination (81).…”

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA from ZIKV and WNV have been detected in whole blood for prolonged periods (82,83), but no published data are currently available for YFV. Finally, the dilution of primary serum/plasma samples has facilitated YFV detection by molecular methods in early severe YF cases that initially tested negative (31,77). Although dilution clearly decreases the eluate RNA concentration, the dilution of the sample and/or the extracted nucleic acids may result in a dilution of PCR inhibitors, thereby allowing for YFV detection (84).…”

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yellow Fever Virus: Diagnostics for a Persistent Arboviral Threat

2018

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Yellow fever (YF) is the prototypical hemorrhagic fever and results from infection with yellow fever virus (YFV), which is endemic to regions of Africa and South America. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, YFV continues to cause disease throughout regions where it is endemic, including intermittent large outbreaks among undervaccinated populations. A number of diagnostic methods and assays have been described for the detection of YFV infection, including viral culture, molecular testing, serology, and antigen detection. Commercial diagnostics are not widely available, and testing is generally performed at a small number of reference laboratories. The goal of this article, therefore, is to review available clinical diagnostics for YFV, which may not be familiar to many practitioners outside areas where it is endemic. Additionally, we identify gaps in our current knowledge about YF that pertain to diagnosis and describe interventions that may improve YFV detection.

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Section: Rna Detectionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rna Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yellow Fever Virus: Diagnostics for a Persistent Arboviral Threat

2018

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“…A positive result with the appropriate controls confirms the diagnosis. The serological diagnosis (the detection of specific antibodies) is useful for diagnosing YF by IgM antibody-capture, MAC-ELISA in a sample and the confirmation of YF depends on the epidemiological situation (especially for dengue and Zika) (Figure 3) [37]. reported the presence of YFV RNA in urine samples from a naturally infected YFV patient, with RT-PCR based YFV detection until 24 days post onset of symptoms.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yellow Fever Outbreak in Global Perspective is Serious and of Great Concern

Swapnil¹,

Meena²,

Kumar³

et al. 2017

Epidemiology

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Yellow fever virus (YFV) is belonging to flaviviridae family which was identified as the causative agent of Yellow fever (YF), acute viral hemorrhagic disease which was first time notified by International health regulation (IHR), globally. Initially YF considered to partial control for decades but now increasing globally with the risk of local epidemic outbreaks. This review represents the occurrence of YF diseases in the 21 th century and the remotely sensed satellite data are used to define climatic limits within a discriminant analytical model frame work. The study also shows the potentially co-occurrence and global epidemiology of risk maps for this disease in Africa and South East Asia in the framework of the ecological and historical forces. The aim of this study is to portray attention to this rising epidemic and to provide force for the necessary public health response.

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Assessment of the yellow fever outbreak in Angola from December 2015 through December 2016: A retrospective study

Manuel,

Armando,

Francisco

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThe acute tropical infectious disease known as yellow fever (YF) is caused by an arbovirus and is characterized by fever, jaundice, hemorrhage, headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Angola experienced a yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak that was documented in December 2015. However, little is known about the outcome of this outbreak. We aimed to demonstrate epidemic features and lessons learned during the YF epidemic in Angola.MethodsA total of 4618 blood samples from suspected YF cases were sent to the Instituto Nacional de Investigação em Saúde (INIS), a national referral and public health laboratory, between December 5, 2015, and December 23, 2016. Sample analyses were conducted using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assays. Blood samples were sent from 16 out of the 18 provinces of Angola.ResultsWe detected 884 (19.1%) cases that were positive for ELISA, which were confirmed by RT‐PCR assay. Considering the positive cases, the incidence among male patients was around three times higher (n = 223; 10.9%) than in female patients (n = 59; 2.6%) in the 20–29 age group, followed by the age group 10–19 with n = 211 (6.8%) in males versus n = 108 (3.3%) in females; and the age group 30–39 had n = 68 (4.8%) in males versus n = 28 (1.8%) in females. The other groups had an incidence below 3.0%. The case fatality ratio for YF was in young adults in the age group 20–29 with n = 39 cases, followed by the age group 10–19 with n = 16 cases, and finally the age group 0–9 with n = 13 cases. The other age groups had several deaths by YF below 10 cases.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates features of the YF epidemic that occurred in Angola. Also, it demonstrates that YF causes deaths in young people but is preventable by high vaccine coverage. Thus, public health laboratory surveillance must be strengthened to reduce the possibility of emerging and re‐emerging human infections.

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Urine as Sample Type for Molecular Diagnosis of Natural Yellow Fever Virus Infections

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Yellow Fever Virus: Diagnostics for a Persistent Arboviral Threat

Yellow Fever Virus: Diagnostics for a Persistent Arboviral Threat

The Yellow Fever Outbreak in Global Perspective is Serious and of Great Concern

Assessment of the yellow fever outbreak in Angola from December 2015 through December 2016: A retrospective study

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