Urinary Tract Infections in the Infant

Arshad, Mehreen; Seed, Patrick C.

doi:10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.003

Cited by 109 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…This is particularly interesting because infants who tend to have higher basal iron serum levels or increased iron supplementation respectively are more at risk for UTIs. 54,[61][62][63] Similarly, postmenopausal women who are highly susceptible to multiple recurrent and chronic UTIs have been shown to carry higher than normal levels of iron in their urine. 61,64,65 Given our findings that even at physiological levels of iron (25 mM) we observe increased and prolonged bacterial burden, our data shows that even slightly augmented levels can be beneficial for UPEC persistence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferritinophagy drives uropathogenicEscherichia colipersistence in bladder epithelial cells

Bauckman

Mysorekar

2016

Autophagy

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Autophagy is a cellular recycling pathway, which in many cases, protects host cells from infections by degrading pathogens. However, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the predominant cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), persist within the urinary tract epithelium (urothelium) by forming reservoirs within autophagosomes. Iron is a critical nutrient for both host and pathogen, and regulation of iron availability is a key host defense against pathogens. Iron homeostasis depends on the shuttling of iron-bound ferritin to the lysosome for recycling, a process termed ferritinophagy (a form of selective autophagy). Here, we demonstrate for the first time that UPEC shuttles with ferritin-bound iron into the autophagosomal and lysosomal compartments within the urothelium. Iron overload in urothelial cells induces ferritinophagy in an NCOA4-dependent manner causing increased iron availability for UPEC, triggering bacterial overproliferation and host cell death. Addition of even moderate levels of iron is sufficient to increase and prolong bacterial burden. Furthermore, we show that lysosomal damage due to iron overload is the specific mechanism causing host cell death. Significantly, we demonstrate that host cell death and bacterial burden can be reversed by inhibition of autophagy or inhibition of iron-regulatory proteins, or chelation of iron. Together, our findings suggest that UPEC persist in host cells by taking advantage of ferritinophagy. Thus, modulation of iron levels in the bladder may provide a therapeutic avenue to controlling UPEC persistence, epithelial cell death, and recurrent UTIs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferritinophagy drives uropathogenicEscherichia colipersistence in bladder epithelial cells

Bauckman

Mysorekar

2016

Autophagy

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“…Escherichia coli is the major cause of many different infectious diseases in humans and animals [6][7][8][9][10] and the most common bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections [11,12]. It is also the major cause of nosocomial blood [13], nosocomial neonatal [14] and genital tract [13] infections, and also many other lethal infections in humans and animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of Tribulus terrestris methanol extract against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli

Batoei

Mahboubi²,

Yari

2016

Herba Polonica

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S u m m a r yIntroduction: Tribulus terrestris L. is traditionally used for treatment of urinary tract infections. Escherichia coli, as the most prominent agent of urinary tract infections, can be sensitive to T. terrestris extract. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of T. terrestris methanol extract against clinical isolates of E. coli from urinary tract infections. Saponins were determined as main constituents of T. terrestris methanol extract. Methods: The antibacterial activities of T. terrestris methanol extract were evaluated by micro-broth dilution assay. The synergistic effects of T. terrestris methanol extract were screened with gentamicin by micro titer plate and disc diffusion assays. The isobologram curve was figured and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was determined. Results: The saponin content of T. terrestris methanol extract was 54% (w/w). The means of MIC and MBC values for E. coli clinical isolates (n=51) were 3.5±0.27 and 7.4±0.5 mg/ml while these amounts were 3.9±1.3 and 6.4±1.8 µg/ml for gentamicin. T. terrestris methanol extract and gentamicin had synergistic effect with FICI equal to 0.1375. Conclusion: Therefore, T. terrestris can be applicable as alternative treatment in management of urinary tract infections.

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“…Antecedente materno de IVU en el embarazo o ruptura prematura de membranas. 6 2. Cirugías previas que requirieron colocación de sonda vesical.…”

Section: Abordaje Diagnósticounclassified

Abordaje pediátrico de las infecciones de vías urinarias

Lombardo-Aburto

2018

Acta Pediatr Mex

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Este artículo debe citarse como Lombardo-Aburto E. Abordaje pediátrico de las infecciones de vías urinarias. Acta Pediatr Mex. 2018;39(1):85-90. INTRODUCCIÓNLa infección de vías urinarias (IVUs) es la presencia de bacteriuria significativa sintomática o no, 1 que se adquiere principalmente por vía ascendente, tras la colonización por gérmenes intestinales del epitelio periuretral, uretral y vesical (cistitis), pudiendo alcanzar desde el uréter hasta el tejido renal (pielonefritis); o bien, vía hematógena o directa dada por procedimientos invasivos en el tracto urinario. 2 La importancia de abordar oportunamente las infecciones de vías urinarias radica en que en el 30% de las malformaciones del riñón y tracto urinario pueden ser provocadas por IVU, que son el primer signo de alarma.3 Éstas son la causa de infección bacteriana más frecuente en niños y la causa más frecuente de fiebre sin foco en menores de 3 años. Más del 30% de los lactantes y niños pueden presentar infecciones recurrentes durante los primeros 6-12 meses después de la primera IVU. 4 Por lo anterior, el pediatra debe realizar un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos para evitar complicaciones como urosepsis, urolitiasis, absceso renal, cicatrices renales y, a largo plazo, con riesgo elevado de hipertensión y falla renal terminal; sin embargo, el incremento de las resistencias a los antibióticos puede retrasar el inicio de la terapia adecuada.3,5 La mayoría de las infecciones son causadas por Escherichia coli (80-90%). EPIDEMIOLOGÍALa prevalencia de IVUs está influenciada por dos variables: edad y sexo. En el primer año de vida es más frecuente en niños www.actapediatrica.org.mx

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Urinary Tract Infections in the Infant

Cited by 109 publications

References 64 publications

Ferritinophagy drives uropathogenicEscherichia colipersistence in bladder epithelial cells

Ferritinophagy drives uropathogenicEscherichia colipersistence in bladder epithelial cells

Antibacterial activity of Tribulus terrestris methanol extract against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli

Abordaje pediátrico de las infecciones de vías urinarias

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