Urinary Tract Infections Due to Candida albicans

Fisher, John F.; Chew, William H.; Shadomy, Smith; Duma, Richard J.; Mayhan, C. Glen; House, William C.

doi:10.1093/clinids/4.6.1107

Cited by 146 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Invasive primary urinary tract infection with Candida is rare unless host defenses are weakened. 1,5 In our series, associated medical and immunocompromise risks included diabetes mellitus, recent antibiotic therapy, HIV, colon cancer, and previous prostate surgery (Table 3). Primary renal candidiasis should be suspected in immunocompromised patients with persistent candiduria and abnormal renal imaging findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…[4][5][6] It is characterized by a subacute or chronic clinical course and the absence of fungemia. It is associated with a superficial mat of fungal growth (uroepithelial thrush) on pyelocalyceal mucosa, vasculitis, and the presence of pseudohyphae in the interstitium and results in invasive inflammatory changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4,6 Systemic candidiasis is an acute hematogenous infection, which predominantly involves the cortex and medulla with microabscess formation. 5,6 It is associated with involvement of other organs, commonly the heart, and fungemia is present. Renal abscess formation is more likely to occur than renal fungus ball formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,4 Inconsistencies remain in the diagnosis of primary renal candidiasis because patients usually have variable clinical presentations or have no systemic signs and symptoms of infection, unlike patients with renal candidiasis secondary to disseminated infection. 1,[3][4][5] Sonography is commonly performed as the initial imaging modality. Retrograde and antegrade pyelography are useful for biopsy, diagnosis, and therapy during the course of patient treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,4,8,9 Multiple debris extractions and irrigations are frequently needed after Candida has invaded into the interstitium. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] A filling defect in the renal pelvis should be differentiated from a blood clot, nonopaque renal calculus, transitional cell neoplasm, or ureteritis cystica, especially in adult patients. 4,6 In our series, all adult patients had retrograde pyelography and tissue biopsies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Primary Renal Candidiasis

Sadegi

Patel²,

Wilbur

et al. 2009

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Objective. Primary renal candidiasis is rare but increasing in incidence. The purpose of this series is to provide imaging and clinical findings for diagnosing candidiasis and to discuss imaging in the management of this disease. Methods. Ten sonographic, 8 retrograde pyelographic, 2 intravenous pyelographic, 2 antegrade pyelographic, and 2 computed tomographic examinations of 5 patients (4 adult male patients and 1 16-year-old female patient) were reviewed. Results. The clinical presentation was variable. Sonography showed renal pelvic wall thickening (n = 5), echogenic debris (n = 4), and fungus balls (n = 2). Papillary necrosis (n = 4), filling defects due to debris (n = 3), and fungus balls (n = 2) were seen on retrograde pyelography. Conclusions. Untreated candidiasis may progress to fungus ball or abscess formation. Sonography is commonly used as the initial imaging procedure. Retrograde and antegrade pyelography are used for biopsy, diagnosis, and treatment. Awareness of this condition and knowledgeable imaging evaluation can help detect and define the site, infection severity, and subsequent therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Renal Candidiasis

Sadegi

Patel²,

Wilbur

et al. 2009

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Percutaneous Nephrostomy in the Management of Renal Candidiasis

Ortiz

Lee²

1989

Arch Surg

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Treatment of Funguria

Wong-Beringer

Jacobs²,

Guglielmo³

1992

JAMA

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We evaluated the use of antifungal agents in the treatment of uncomplicated funguria by reviewing all case reports and studies regarding the treatment of funguria published in the English language from 1960 to 1991 (MEDLINE). Adult patients treated for uncomplicated funguria were included. Patients with fungal pyelonephritis and/or other systemic fungal manifestations were excluded from our analysis. All investigations were assessed for study design, sample size, definition of significant funguria, treatment regimen, inclusion of predisposing risk factors in outcome analysis, end points of therapy, and patient follow-up. Direct comparison of the studies on the use of antifungals in the treatment of uncomplicated funguria was not possible given the differing definitions of significant funguria, inconsistent reporting of risk factors, varying treatment regimens, end points of therapy, and duration of follow-up. Case reports and studies involving antifungals such as amphotericin B bladder irrigation, miconazole nitrate bladder irrigation, ketoconazole, and flucytosine were reviewed. Amphotericin B bladder irrigation appeared to be most effective and ketoconazole the least effective treatment of uncomplicated funguria. Predisposing risk factors, such as the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter, appear to play an important role in the persistence of positive cultures and failure of pharmacologic interventions. Until prospective, well-controlled studies are performed, no recommendation can be made for the treatment of uncomplicated funguria. In symptomatic patients therapy is indicated; however, the best regimen is unknown.

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Urinary Tract Infections Due to Candida albicans

Cited by 146 publications

References 85 publications

Primary Renal Candidiasis

Primary Renal Candidiasis

Percutaneous Nephrostomy in the Management of Renal Candidiasis

Treatment of Funguria

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