Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy

Abstract

, midstream urine specimens were collected during the first antenatal visit of 2,642 pregnant patients. The specimens were obtained for the purpose of microbiological study. Significant bacteriuria was found in 15.8% (N = 419); 188 of the patients were asymptomatic and 231 were symptomatic, yielding an incidence of 7.1% and 8.7%, respectively. Two hundred females with negative urine cultures were selected as a control group, and matched by age, gravidity, and gestational age. The frequency of occurrence of premature birth was found to be higher only in the symptomatic group (P < 0.05), while the frequency of anemia, hypertension, and diabetes was found to be higher in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, compared with the control group (P <0.05).H Abduljabbar, RA Moumena, HA Mosli, AS Khan, A Warda, Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy. 1991; 11(3): 322-324 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are second in frequency only to respiratory tract infections in the general practice of medicine [1]. Females are more prone than males to UTIs, and this tendency seems to increase during pregnancy. This increased predisposition to UTIs during pregnancy is partly the result of the pressure of the gravid uterus on the ureters causing stasis of urine flow and is also attributed to the hormonal and immunological changes that occur during normal pregnancy [1].We report on a study carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, that was designed to determine the frequency of significant bacteriuria in healthy pregnant females and its impact on pregnancy. Material and MethodsIn a prospective study conducted over a one-year period from 1987 to 1988, midstream urine samples were collected from 2642 pregnant females who had no apparent underlying medical ailments. All patients were attending the antenatal clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah. The urine samples were collected under supervision, using proper aseptic precautions, and were cultured using the Dip Strip technique [2]. Colonies were identified using standard methods [3]. Gram-negative bacilli were identified using the AP120E system.

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women in Jeddah, Western Region of Saudi Arabia: Call for Assessment

“…coli has been identified as the most common pathogen isolated among the pregnant women in this study (Fig. 1), which was consistent with the majority of the reported studies in literature [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][22][23][24]27,28] . However, E. coli formed 53% of the isolated organisms, which is lower than what have been reported in countries (Table 2) such as Pakistan, 2006 (78.6%) [19] ; Turkey, 2005 (77%) [16] ; Iran, 2009 (70%) [24] and in UAE, 2005 (66.7%) [17] .…”

“…This rate is much lower than the previously reported from Saudi Arabia; 14.2% bacteriuria in pregnant women from the eastern region (in 1989), where only 25% of the women were symptomatic (i.e., the prevalence of ASB was 10.5%). 15.8% bacteriuria was reported in 1991 from the Western region, where the ASB was 7.1% [27][28] . Furthermore, our prevalence rate was much lower than the recent reports from other Middle Eastern countries.…”

Assessment of risk factors contributing to urinary tract infections in women

“…The hormonal changes in pregnancy leads to decreased bladder tone, diminished peristalsis and dilatation of renal pelvis and ureter 16,17 It has been claimed that pregnancy produces physical obstruction in the female urinary tract and obstruction is one of the important risk factor for the development of the infection. 18,19 Diabetics are at higher risk of urinary tract infection due to the unfavourable metabolic changes such as elevated blood sugar levels, which suppress the immune system. In our study 10% UTI patients were diabetics, similar findings was found in study by Ramzan M.…”

Urinary Tract Infections in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a Review

“…Most studies have been retrospective and descriptive in nature . Most studies have tried to raise awareness of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, but many of the data available are outdated [16,22,23,25,26,31,[39][40][41][42][43][44]. Hence, periodic updates are needed to track this emergence.…”

“…Moreover, no review papers have been published on this matter in KSA. This review is important as it will increase awareness of UTIs and antimicrobial resistance patterns in KSA [40,[42][43][44] As antimicrobial susceptibility patterns change rapidly, new resistant strains are emerging. Our review focused on the most common pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.…”