Urinary tract infection: a search for evidence

Koch, Vera H.; Zuccolotto, Sandra M.C.

doi:10.2223/jped.1004

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A positive urine culture is defined as the presence of > 100,000 cfu/mL of one pathogen. The urine specimen may be difficult to obtain in a child < 4 years old, and different methods are advised because there is a high risk of contamination [177,178].…”

Section: G42mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plastic bag attached to the genitalia: Prospective studies have shown a high incidence of false-positive results, ranging from 85 -99% [168,177]. It is helpful when the culture is negative [168,177] and has a PPV of 15% [176]. To obtain a urine sample in the best condition in children < 2 years of age (girls and uncircumcised boys without sphincteric control), it is better to use suprapubic bladder aspiration or bladder catheterisation.…”

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To obtain a urine sample in the best condition in children < 2 years of age (girls and uncircumcised boys without sphincteric control), it is better to use suprapubic bladder aspiration or bladder catheterisation. In older children with sphincteric control, MSU collection is possible and reliable [177].…”

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury after urodynamics under fosfomycin prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis

Amaral

Pereira

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Porto Biomedical Journal

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication of spinal cord injury (SCI). Urodynamic testing is widely used for characterization of vesico-sphincteric dysfunction and for therapeutic orientation. As an invasive procedure, the risk of UTI is increased so, in some medical centers, antibiotic prophylaxis is instituted. Fosfomycin is one of the antibiotics used. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of UTI after urodynamics in patients with SCI, under fosfomycin prophylaxis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on patients with SCI, admitted to a rehabilitation center between January 2016 and June 2017, who underwent urodynamics studies under fosfomycin prophylaxis. Demographic data, risk factors for UTI—bacteriuria before urodynamics, high residual volume (>100 mL), bladder emptying method, vesico-sphincteric dyssynergia, and detrusor hyperactivity were analyzed. The incidence of UTI after urodynamics was evaluated. Results: The study included 84 patients, predominantly men 55 (65.5%). The mean age of the patients was 55.6 (18.9). Eleven (22.5%) had vesico-sphincteric dyssynergia, 32 (65.3%) detrusor hyperactivity and 22 (44.9%) had a high residual volume. Thirty-seven (44.1%) had asymptomatic bacteriuria before the urodynamics. Urinary complaints suggestive of UTI after urodynamics were observed in 2(2.4%) of patients, without significant bacteriuria and identification of bacterial agent. Conclusions: The incidence of UTI after invasive procedures is reported between 3% and 20% in the literature, so antibiotic prophylaxis has been instituted, although controversial. In the study, in none of the patients the diagnosis of UTI was confirmed. Fosfomycin prophylaxis may have been important in reducing the incidence of UTI.

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Section: G42mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G421 Collection Of the Urine Suprapubic Bladder Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury after urodynamics under fosfomycin prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis

Amaral

Pereira

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Porto Biomedical Journal

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“…Approximately 8% of girls and 2% of boys in early childhood will have an episode of UTI (Koch and Zuccolotto, 2003). Symptoms of urinary tract infections in infancy are often nonspecific such as refusing of feeding, jaundice and failure of weight gain (Becknell et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of Interleukin-8 in Differentiation of Acute Pyelonephritis from Cystitis in Children

Kajbaf¹,

Valavi²,

Nikfar³

et al. 2015

Asian J. of Cell Biology

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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a relatively common infection in children that can lead to serious complications such as renal scarring, hypertension and chronic renal failure. In this study we stressed the role of IL-8 in the diagnosis and differentiation between pyelonephritis and cystitis. This prospective descriptive study was conducted among 86 children one month to 14 years, who with clinical signs and symptoms of suspected urinary tract infections were referred to Ahvaz Aboozar hospital. Among 86 children studied 16 (18.6%) and 70 (81.4%) children were boy and girl, respectively. E. coli and Klebsiella were obtained from urine samples of 72 patients (83.7%) and seven patients (8.1%), respectively. The frequency of abdominal pain in pyelonephritis and cystitis groups was 10.4 and 18.4%, respectively. Vomiting in the pyelonephritis and cystitis groups was respectively 22.9 and 10.5%. The frequency of diarrhea in the pyelonephritis and cystitis groups was 4.2 and 2.6%, respectively. In general, dysuria was the most common symptom in the two groups (69.8%). Measurement of cytokines only takes a few hours and to do it is the easy and non-invasive. Based on the study system the mean IL-8/Cr for detecting pyelonephritis in level 7 has the sensitivity of 66% and the specificity of 72% and even the increased IL-8 after the initial experimental treatment can be a sign for the continued inflammation or antibiotic resistance. Obviously, in this recent case wider study must be carried out.

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Prevention of Renal Scarring in Acute Pyelonephritis by Probiotic Therapy: an Experimental Study

Sabetkish

Mohseni

et al. 2017

Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot.

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We evaluated the protective effects of probiotic administration as a prophylaxis treatment and immediately after fever onset in increasing the immune response and decreasing the renal scarring in a rat model of acute pyelonephritis. Twenty-four rats were apportioned to three groups. In GI (n = 8), the rats were injected with direct inoculation of Escherichia coli into the right kidney. In GII (n = 8), the rats received a probiotic regimen 1 month before E. coli injection and the probiotic regimen was continued for the next 2 months. In GIII (n = 8), the probiotic regimen was started just after E. coli injection and was continued for 2 months. Technetium-99m-DMSA renal scan, histopathological evaluations, concentrations of CA19-9, IgA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine were assessed 1 and 2 months post-injection. It took an average of 4.2 ± 1.1 h between the injection and onset of fever in GI and GII. In GIII, this period was longer (7.5 ± 1.4). Probiotic administration resulted in reduction of interstitial fibrosis and tubular and glomerular atrophy in GII in all follow-ups. Technetium-99m-DMSA renal scan showed that the right kidney reached near the normal cortical integrity (47%) in GII compared to GI (32%) after 2 months of injection. However, the renal integrity did not improve significantly in GIII (41%). In GII, CA19-9 was lower (p < 0.05), while the levels of serum and fecal IgA were higher (p < 0.05). Administration of the probiotic regimen in the rat model may decrease renal damage in pyelonephritis. In spite of better results in the prophylactic group compared to the treatment group, no strong evidence was found to prove the advantage of its prophylactic application over the treatment administration.

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Urinary tract infection: a search for evidence

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury after urodynamics under fosfomycin prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis

Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury after urodynamics under fosfomycin prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis

Diagnostic Accuracy of Interleukin-8 in Differentiation of Acute Pyelonephritis from Cystitis in Children

Prevention of Renal Scarring in Acute Pyelonephritis by Probiotic Therapy: an Experimental Study

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