Urinary Steroids in the Measurement of Aging and of Atherosclerosis†

Marmorston, Jessie; Griffith, George C.; Geller, Paul J.; Fishman, Eugene L.; Welsch, Federico; Weiner, John M.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00894.x

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Unlike the work of Lopez, 9 Kask, 10 Marmorston et al, 11,12 and Barrett‐Connor and coworkers, 13 who studied a general population of men, our study uncovered no relation of DHEAS to the prevalence of arteriosclerotic heart disease or to the one‐year death rate in our nursing home male residents. Nevertheless, the death rate in nursing home populations is known to be closely related to the functional level, 50,51 which we found significantly related to DHEAS in the present nursing home group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…In healthy men age 40 to 49, the 95% confidence limits are 100–400 μg/dL; at age 60 to 90, these limits are 30–200 μg/dL 8 . Lopez, 9 Kask, 10 and Marmorston et al 11,12 found that in free‐living men and women over the age of 50, the urinary excretion of 17‐ketosteroids, mostly the metabolic products of DHEA and DHEAS, were inversely related to the incidence of coronary heart disease. In community men age 60 to 90 13 (but not in their female counterparts 14 ), Barrett‐Connor and coworkers found an inverse relation between the plasma DHEAS concentration and both cardiovascular mortality and mortality from all causes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group of men has a substantial prevalence of coronary heart disease and diabetes, and an all‐cause mortality rate of about 20% per year 34 . We wished to extend the work of Lopez, 9 Kask, 10 Marmorston et al, 11,12 and Barrett‐Connor and colleagues 13 to chronically institutionalized elderly men. Therefore we decided to measure the plasma DHEAS level in a sample of our nursing home population and to search for correlations between this level and clinical diagnoses, mortality rate, age, and other patient characteristics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Nursing Home Men

Rudman

Shetty

Mattson

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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Previous studies have shown the normal range of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) for independent community men over 60 years old to be 30-200 micrograms/dL. In human adults, low levels of plasma DHEAS have been correlated with a high mortality rate. In rodents, dehydroepiandrosterone, the precursor of DHEAS, has exhibited antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, neurotropic, and memory-enhancing effects. We have now measured plasma DHEAS in 50 independent community men age 55-94 and in 61 nursing home men age 57-104. Mean DHEAS was significantly lower in the nursing home men than in the community men. Plasma DHEAS was subnormal (less than 30 micrograms/dL) in 40% of the nursing home residents and in only 6% of the community subjects. In both groups, DHEAS was inversely related to age. In the nursing home men, additionally, plasma DHEAS was inversely related to the presence of an organic brain syndrome and to the degree of dependence in activities of daily living. Plasma DHEAS was subnormal in 80% of the nursing home men who required total care. There was no significant correlation between the plasma concentrations of DHEAS and testosterone, or between plasma DHEAS and one-year mortality rate.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Nursing Home Men

Rudman

Shetty

Mattson

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…It appears therefore that so far no convincing controlled study showing clear cut benefits of sex hormone replacement therapy in males with climacteric complaints is available. Considering the risk of stimulation of prostatic growth and urinary retention, of induction of prostatic carcinoma and the possibly unfavourable effects on development of atherosclerosis (Marmorston et al, 1975) and myocardial infarction, routine androgen supplementation therapy cannot be recommended at this time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in sexual activity in ageing men: correlation with sex hormone levels and testicular changes

Vermeulen

1979

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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The menopause clearly marks the end of the reproductive phase in the female, but no comparable event of sudden discontinuity in fertility occurs in the male. Successful paternity in man has been recorded at the age of 94 (Seymour, Duffy & Koerner, 1935). This difference between the sexes is rather surprising, as the male does not seem to age in a fundamentally different way from the female and as, moreover, the death rate for males is higher in all age groups, than for females. This may be related to the presence of only one X chromosome, the eventual defects of which cannot be compensated for by the activity of the homologue. The Y chromosome does not appear to bear vital genes, as it is not essential for life, XO individuals being perfectly viable, in distinction to the YO genotype. Moreover in the absence of male inducers, the phenotype is female, suggesting that the male phenotype is a more complex differentiation. For whatever reason, the lower viability of the male remains a striking fact: males represent only 35% of the age group over 75 years. The persistence of reproductive function into old age is therefore the more surprising. This does not mean, however, that a gradual decrease in sexual activity and testicular function in the ageing male does not occur. From adolescence onwards, there is a continuous decline in sexual interest, arousal and activity, without a sudden discontinuity in any age group.If the frequency of orgasm is taken as a parameter (Fig. 1) it is found that at age 50 frequency has fallen to about 50% of what it was at age 30, and it approaches zero by age 75 (Bishop, 1970). It is remarkable that the slope of this curve does not show any abrupt change. An even more dramatic decline with age may be observed in the capacity for repeated orgasm. This reaches its peak in preadolescence, declining very rapidly after 20 years of age and in elderly males recovery may require 24 hr or even more (Harman, 1978). The quality of sexual activity also decreases with age: sexual arousal is slower and requires more intense stimuli, ejaculations are less forceful, detumescence after orgasm is quicker and the vasocongestive increase in testicular size during sexual excitement is decreased, as is the psychosexual pleasure. Frequency of erectal impotence increases exponentially with age: at 40, 50, 60 and 75 years respectively, about 2, 7, 28 and 50% of males are affected. A. Vermeulen3-5 r 3-0 2-5 I 2-0 1-5 1-0 0-5 Corrected meon Age groups (yeors) -70 -75 -80 -85

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“…It has been claimed that sex hormones play a role in the development of arteriosclerosis by many investigators [1][2][3][4][5][6], although the is sue is a subject of controversy [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], The relationship between adrenal androgens, de hydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and arte riosclerosis has also been analyzed [19][20][21][22]: the adrenal androgens lower cholesterol by reducing NADPH availability, which is an important cofactor in the synthesis of choles terol [23][24][25][26], However, the analysis has gen erally been made using the final clinical event, myocardial infarction [19][20][21][22], as an index of arteriosclerosis. The role of adrenal andro gens in the development and progression of arteriosclerosis in humans remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Adrenal Androgens in the Development of Arteriosclerosis as Judged by Pulse Wave Velocity and Calcification of the Aorta

Ishihara

Hiramatsu²,

Shigematsu³

et al. 1992

Cardiology

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To evaluate the role of adrenal androgens in the development of arteriosclerosis, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), aortic calcification and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured in 69 males and 119 females without overt cardiovascular disease. The steroids decreased with age in both sexes, and the reduction was significantly steeper in younger (≤40 years) than in older ( > 40 years) subjects only in females. When adjusted for age, the steroids were significantly lower in subjects with aortic calcification than in those without it, and the PWV was significantly slower in the latter. Adrenal androgens appear to retard the development and/or progression of arteriosclerosis.

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Urinary Steroids in the Measurement of Aging and of Atherosclerosis†

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Nursing Home Men

Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Nursing Home Men

Decline in sexual activity in ageing men: correlation with sex hormone levels and testicular changes

Role of Adrenal Androgens in the Development of Arteriosclerosis as Judged by Pulse Wave Velocity and Calcification of the Aorta

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