Urinary schistosomiasis

A rare parasitic infection in turkey: schistosomiasis. case report

“…Schistosomiasis enters the body by prolonged contact with infected water (4). The parasite is excreted from the body via urine and faeces into fresh water and the miracidia eventually infects its intermediate hosts, the fresh water snails, where they develop into cercariae (1,4,5). The larvae (cercariae) are released from snails into water and penetrate human skin.…”

“…it enters the subcutaneous tissues, then the blood stream, migrates to the lungs, then to the liver, and after 6 weeks, finally the mature worms mate. after maturation, the adult worm migrates into the mesenteric, perivesical venous plexuses and small, thinwalled vessels in the genitourinary system (1,4,5,8). During the active phase, viable adult worms deposit eggs that induce a granulomatous response with the formation of polypoid lesions.…”

“…adult worms may live for many years after the initial infection. after the death of the adult worms, no viable eggs remain in the urine and large numbers of calcified eggs can be found in the wall of the bladder and in other affected tissues (1,2,4,5,8).…”

“…They range from mild symptoms such as hematuria, leukocyturia, urinary tract complaints, tender abdomen, and supra-pubic tenderness to chronic iron deficiency and anemia, scarring and deformity of the ureters and bladder, chronic bacterial superinfection, severe damage of urinary tract organs, and ultimately renal failure (2,4,5,9). The urinary bladder is the most affected area of the urogenital tract.…”

“…it is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries mainly in africa and the eastern Mediterranean region (4,5). The infection can be seen nowadays in countries that the disease is not endemic because of the increase in travelling for tourism, business and education.…”