Urinary PSA level and relative tumor volume after prostate biopsy

Pejcic, T.; Hadži-Djokić, Jovan; Marković, Biljana; Dragičević, Dejan; Glisic, B.; Lalić, N.; Acimovic, M.; Dzamic, Zoran; Radosavljevic, R.

doi:10.2298/aci0902017p

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The authors believe that subjects with PSA of 2.5-10.0 ng/mL and uPSA > 150 ng/mL, could be exempted from prostate biopsy, in the absence of suspicious lesions on DRE and TRUS. In some studies, it has been found that larger tumors had lower uPSA than smaller tumors, probably due to the obstruction of the drainage of secretions [74][75][76] .…”

Section: Determination Of Psa In the Urine In The Diagnosis Of Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate-specific antigen

et al. 2015

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Androgens and prostate functionTestosterone (T) and 5α-dihidrotestosterone (DHT) play a crucial role in the fetal prostate development. These androgens stimulate mesenchyme, while mesenchyme induces the proliferation of the epithelial buds from the urogenital sinus. This process, called "mesenchyme-epithelial interaction", starts in the 10th gestational week and continues in the adult age 1, 2 . Testosterone induces the development of the seminal vesicles and Wolffian ducts, while DHT induces the development of the prostate, penis and scrotum.Prostatic tissue is composed of stroma and epithelium. Prostatic stroma is composed of stromal cells (fibroblasts, endothelial capillary cells, lymph vessels and smooth muscle cells), neuroendocrine (NE) cells, neural cell axons, intercellular liquid and collagen fibers 3 . Prostatic epithelium is composed of secretory, basal, intermediary and NE cells. Secretory cells synthesize and secrete various proteins, like prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), androgen receptor (AR) and make the greatest part of the prostatic epithelium. It is believed that NE cells induce growth, differentiation, and secretory functions of the prostatic epithelium 4 .Numerous factors regulate prostatic growth: endocrine, neuroendocrine, paracrine, or growth factors (GF), autocrine and intracrine factors. However, the action of the endocrine factors is the best known. Testosterone is the most important serum androgen in the male, with the average serum concentration of 611 ± 186 ng/dL, while the average DHT serum concentration is 56 ± 20 ng/dL. However, the average concentration of active, free T is only 12.1 ± 3.7 ng/dL, while the rest is bound to the globulins and albumins. The major androgen in the prostatic tissue is DHT, with the average tissue concentration of 2.4-5.1 ng/g. The average tissue concentration of T is 3-5 times lower and measures 0.9 ng/g 5-7 .Only free T molecules can enter the prostatic cell, by diffusion. In the cytosol, one part of T molecules transforms into DHT. Both T and DHT bind to AR and form androgen-AR complexes. Subsequently, those complexes make pairs, entering the nucleus and bind to androgen-responsive elements (ARE) on DNA. After the information was transcripted from DNA to mRNA, mRNA leaves the nucleus and comes on ribosomes, where the information is translated into protein. Enzyme 5-alpha reductase (5αR) performs the conversion of T to DHT. There are two isoforms of 5αR: type 5αR-2 is dominant in the prostatic stroma and accessory genital tissues. Type 5αR-1 is present in the skin and prostate epithelium. Benign prostate hyperplasiaBenign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) denotes progressive prostatic enlargement, associated with the symptoms of impaired emptying of the urinary bladder and followed with gradual progression of the symptoms and complications. The most common BPH-related complications are chronic urinary infection, urinary bladder stones, chronic and acute urinary retention. The prevalence of BPH is very high: BPH is the fourth...

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Section: Determination Of Psa In the Urine In The Diagnosis Of Bphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate-specific antigen

et al. 2015

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“…Velika proizvodnja PSA se kod osoba sa BHP odražava i na porast nivoa PSA u serumu. Smatra se da porast serumskog PSA ≥ 1,6 ng/ml [34][35][36] i urinarnog PSA ≥ 150 ng/ml predstavlja rizik za progresivni rast BHP [37][38][39][40][41]. Ako tumor vrši invaziju hiperplastičnog tkiva, velike su šanse da bude praćen visokim povećanjem PSA.…”

Section: Faktori Vezani Za Prostatuunclassified

The spectrum of prostate specific antigen values in organ-confined prostate cancer

Pejcic¹,

Dimitrijevic²

2016

Med podmladak

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Koncentracija specifičnog antigena prostate (engl. Prostate Specific Antigen, PSA) u serumu kod lokalizovanog karcinoma prostate (CaP) zavisi od faktora vezanih za tumor, prostatu i pacijenta. Tumorski faktori su zapremina, lokalizacija i brzina rasta tumora. Faktori vezani za prostatu su zapremina prostate, aktivnost dihidrotestosterona (DHT) u prostati i jačina sinteze PSA. Faktori vezani za pacijenta su androgeni status i ukupna zapremina krvi. U ovom radu je predstavljena osnovna fiziologija PSA, kao i kratka istorija njegove kliničke primene, sa svim njenim ograničenjima. Osim toga, nabrojani su i analizirani svi poznati faktori koji su uzrok širokog spektra vrednosti PSA kod lokalizovanog CaP. Prikazani su i rezultati teorijskog matematičkog modela, pomoću koga delimično mogu da se objasne veze nabrojanih faktora i nivoa PSA u serumu.

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Prostate Cancer: Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Risk Factors

Pejčić

2024

Prostate Cancer

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Urinary PSA level and relative tumor volume after prostate biopsy

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate-specific antigen

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate-specific antigen

The spectrum of prostate specific antigen values in organ-confined prostate cancer

Prostate Cancer: Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Risk Factors

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