Urinary proteomics and metabolomics in the diagnosis of pediatric disorders

Abstract

Proteomics is the study of structures and functions of proteins, while metabolomics is the study of small-molecule metabolites in the cells, tissues, and organs of the organism. Proteomic technologies have wide applications in medical field. The current revolution in proteomics has led to the discovery of several new protein markers for various disorders. Urinary proteomics and metabolomics have also evolved in the recent years, for the diagnosis of both renal and nonrenal disorders. The urinary proteome varies in normal and abnormal conditions. Different techniques are employed for the analysis of pediatric urinary proteome, the commonest being MS. Before introduction into clinical use, there is the need for careful standardization. Available data suggest that there are differences in urinary proteome between adult and pediatric populations. It is noted that infant urine contains proteins involved in translation and transcription, cellular growth, and metabolic processes, which are not predominant in adult urine. Available data on urinary proteomic and metabolomic profile in common pediatric disorders are also reviewed here.

Discovery of biomarkers in rare diseases: innovative approaches by predictive and personalized medicine

“…This technique which is commonly known as “tandem MS” in clinical lab practice essentially relies on the “targeted metabolomics” principles. If disease-specific metabolites are known, then MS assays for these “targets” can be very specifically developed [27, 28]. …”

Investigation of urine proteome of preterm newborns with respiratory pathologies

“…Studies of the urinary proteome in pediatrics, especially in neonatology, are limited [19][20][21]. The S. Decramer's group (2008) defined a panel of 53 urinary peptides for prediction of the clinical outcome of congenital unilateral ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction with 97% accuracy [11].…”

Monitoring of polypeptide content in the solid‐state fermentation process of rapeseed meal using NIRS and chemometrics

“…Currently, methods such as liquid chromatography-UV (LC-UV) (Chen, Garrido Arias, Adams, & Van Schepdael, 2014), biuret technique (Hortin & Meilinger, 2005), modified bicinchoninic acid assay (Kapoor et al, 2009), and UV-VIS spectrophotometry has been used to determine the peptide concentration in biological samples (Sapan & Lundbald, 2015), and so forth. These methods, however, are considered traditional.…”