Urinary phthalate metabolites in pregnant women: occurrences, related factors, and association with maternal hormones

Wu, Wei; Ma, Zhili; Yang, Fang; Wu, Ping; Zhang, Dexin; Zeng, Rong; Sun, Danling; Cao, Liu

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-18590-8

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), present in urine and serum, have been associated with an increase in TSH levels ,,, (Figure a). Additionally, MEP was linked to downregulation of FT4 − (Figure b), while monomethyl phthalate (MMP) and MBzP could affect TT4 and TT3 , (Figures S2 and S3). Furthermore, MBzP, monochlorinated-o-phthalate (MCOP), MEOHP, and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) were associated with a decrease in FT3 levels but an increase in TT3, , and MBzP and MCOP were also linked to a decline in TT4 and FT4 (Figures b, c, S2, and S3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, MEP was linked to downregulation of FT4 − (Figure b), while monomethyl phthalate (MMP) and MBzP could affect TT4 and TT3 , (Figures S2 and S3). Furthermore, MBzP, monochlorinated-o-phthalate (MCOP), MEOHP, and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) were associated with a decrease in FT3 levels but an increase in TT3, , and MBzP and MCOP were also linked to a decline in TT4 and FT4 (Figures b, c, S2, and S3). Exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was associated with downregulation of TTR expression .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Hormone Biomonitoring: A Review on Their Metabolism and Machine-Learning Based Analysis on Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Chen,

Yu,

Yao

et al. 2024

Environ. Health

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The thyroid is an essential endocrine organ in human body, and thyroid hormones (THs) are pivotal signaling molecules and mediators in various physiological processes. THs, particularly in their free form, play a critical role in regulating body temperature and in the metabolism of lipid and glucose, making the maintenance of TH levels crucial for human health. THs undergo a series of metabolic processes, producing TH metabolites (THMs). THMs are significant in endocrine regulation, such as 3,5-diiothyronine (3,5-T2) and 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM), which exhibit activities akin to THs. The production and distribution of THMs are intricately linked to the function of specific organs and tissues, highlighting the need for advanced research into the determination and mechanisms of THMs in body. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can significantly affect the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and THs. This review utilizes machine learning to analyze epidemiological data, identifying potential EDCs that pose risks of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Additionally, it delves into the toxicological mechanisms of these EDCs, examining their effects on TH production, binding processes, related proteins, and metabolic enzymes. This approach effectively bridges the gap between epidemiological studies and toxicological researches, laying the groundwork for future research trends. By integrating epidemiological studies with machine learning, this review offers insightful perspectives on the potential risks associated with chemical exposure and underscores the necessity for further research in understanding the impact of EDCs on TH metabolism and TH-related health effects.

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