Urinary Output Modulation of Alanine Aminopeptidase,
γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and
N-Acetyl-ß-D-Glucosaminidase by Castration and
Testosterone in Male Normal Rat

Girolami, Jean-Pierre; Bascands, Jean-Loup; Prévot, Danielle; Pécher, Christiane; Manuel, Y

doi:10.1159/000469076

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…10-A). It was reported that urinary excretions of γGTP and alanine aminopeptidase, one of the enzymes localized at the BBM (Kettmann et al, 1992), were higher in male rats compared to female rats and castrated male rats (Grötsch et al, 1985;Girolami et al, 1989). Our results were consistent with their reports and suggested testosterone could increase in urinary excretions of enzymes localized at the BBM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The urinary NAG excretion levels varied little between the male and female animals and between the sham-operated and castrated animals in this study, corresponding with several literatures (Grötsch et al, 1985;Girolami et al, 1989;Pinches et al, 2012;Gautier et al, 2014). These consistent facts indicate that the sex hormones might have scarce effect on the urinary excretion level of NAG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Alanine aminopeptidase, γGTP, β2-MG, α-GST, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1), total protein, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CLU, and Cys-C were high in male rats compared with female rats (Grötsch et al, 1985;Girolami et al, 1989;Gautier et al, 2014). On the other hand, albumin, renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA-1) and Kim-1 were high in female rats compared with male rats (Pinches et al, 2012;Gautier et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, albumin, renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA-1) and Kim-1 were high in female rats compared with male rats (Pinches et al, 2012;Gautier et al, 2014). However, the mechanisms of the sex differences in the limited parameters such as total protein and enzymes have been examined using rats subjected to castration or testosterone treatment (Fröhlich et al, 1984;Girolami et al, 1989). Therefore, those in many urinary biomarkers still needed to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in the excretion levels of traditional and novel urinary biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in rats

et al. 2017

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-Urinary biomarkers have been used widely in preclinical toxicity studies to detect dysfunctions and injuries of the kidney caused by drugs under development. While they have been well studied for evaluating nephrotoxicity, knowledge of sex differences in excretion levels of urinary biomarkers remains inadequate. We conducted experiments focused on effects of endogenous sex hormones on urinary biomarkers using intact and castrated male and female rats. Comparisons of the urinary biomarker excretion levels between intact male and female rats at 5, 7, 9 and 12 weeks of age revealed higher excretion levels of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γGTP), total protein, liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), cystatin C (Cys-C) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and lower excretion level of kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), in male rats as compared to female rats. Orchidectomized male rats showed lower urinary excretion levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), LAP, γGTP, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), glucose, total protein, L-FABP, Cys-C, β2-MG and neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin (NGAL), and higher urinary excretion levels of clusterin (CLU) and Kim-1, than sham-operated male rats. On the other hand, no significant differences in the urinary biomarker excretion levels excluding ALP were observed between ovariectomized and sham-operated female rats. In the present study, we demonstrated the existence of sex differences in excretion levels of urinary biomarkers that are universally used in preclinical toxicity studies, and also that these differences, especially in relation to the urinary excretions of ALP, LAP, γGTP, total protein, L-FABP, Cys-C, and β2-MG, may closely relate to the endogenous testosterone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in the excretion levels of traditional and novel urinary biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in rats

et al. 2017

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“…875406). as recently reported [15]. One unit of activity corresponds to the release of 1 umol of product/min.…”

Section: Biochemical Assayssupporting

confidence: 63%

Early Acute Effects of Mercuric Chloride on Synthesis and Release of Kallikrein and on Distal Tubular Morphology of Rat Renal Cortical Slices

Girolami¹,

Orfila²,

Cabos-Boutot³

et al. 1990

Kidney Blood Press Res

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The effect of mercuric chloride on kallikrein content and secretion of renal cortical slices was studied. Mercuric chloride showed dose-dependent inhibition of the secretion of immunoreactive and active kallikrein in the medium associated with a relative increase in the kallikrein tissue content of slices. However the net de novo biosynthesis was also reduced. Active and inactive kallikrein exhibited the same percentage of inhibition indicating that the activation mechanism of prokallikrein was not affected. These results suggest that mercuric chloride exerts an inhibition on tubular secretion but also on the tissular biosynthesis of kallikrein in these in vitro conditions. Morphological study of slices incubated in the presence of mercury also revealed significant tissular lesions which were located on the proximal tubule, but distal tubular changes were also observed. Distal nephrons were identified by the presence of immunoreactive kallikrein with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. These ultrastructural alterations included an increase in number and size of lysozomes, vacuoles and lipid droplets. These lesions were associated with an increased release of the lysozomal enzyme N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase. Since these distal tubular lesions are associated with inhibition of kallikrein secretion which is specifically located in the distal tubule, these results suggest that acute exposure of kidney cortical slices to mercuric chloride causes rapid and marked ultrastructural changes not only on the proximal tubule but also induced structural and biochemical effects at the distal tubule level. As incubation of mercuric chloride did not induce any direct alterations of immunoreactive and active kallikrein, it is likely that the observed inhibition of kallikrein synthesis and secretion are secondary to the morphological lesions.

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Physiological Factors Influencing Enzyme Excretion

Burchardt¹,

Jung²

1992

Urinary Enzymes

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Urinary Output Modulation of Alanine Aminopeptidase, γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase and N-Acetyl-ß-D-Glucosaminidase by Castration and Testosterone in Male Normal Rat

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Sex differences in the excretion levels of traditional and novel urinary biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in rats

Sex differences in the excretion levels of traditional and novel urinary biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in rats

Early Acute Effects of Mercuric Chloride on Synthesis and Release of Kallikrein and on Distal Tubular Morphology of Rat Renal Cortical Slices

Physiological Factors Influencing Enzyme Excretion

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