Urinary estrogens, progesterone, and LH changes during normal menstrual cycles of a captive female pileated gibbon (Hylobates pileatus)

Abstract

Urinary steroid hormones and luteinizing hormone (LH) were monitored in a female pileated gibbon. The LH concentration almost peaked the day after estrogens peaks. The progesterone increased sharply after the LH peaks. Our results revealed for the first time the relationship between daily changes in urinary hormones throughout normal menstrual cycles in pileated gibbon.

Pregnancy diagnosis and sex identification with urinary glycopatterns of two mammal species

“…Pregnancy and sex-related metabolites or genetic substances in the animal urine can be measured to provide a reference for indication. Hormonal test based on estrogen, progesterone, and gonadotropin is a common pregnancy detection method which has been applied in primates (e.g., bonobo, Pan paniscus ; 1 pileated gibbon, Hylobates pileatus ; 2 hanuman langur, Presbytis entellus ) 3 and non-primate mammalian species (e.g., cows, 4 cats; 5 and Lynx pardinus ). 6 However, the accuracy of hormonal test may rely on long-term monitoring and be unsensitive toward early-stage pregnancy such as the use of estradiol-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol-glucuronide in golden snub-nosed monkeys.…”