Urinary Cytologic Features of Primary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Oshiro, Hisashi; Gomi, Kiyoshi; Nagahama, Kiyotaka; Nagashima, Yoji; Kanazawa, M.; Kato, Junji; Hatano, Takashi; Inayama, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1159/000325039

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Primary SCCB is a rare disease that accounts for less than 0.7% of all bladder cancers [29,30]. Primary LCCB is an even rarer disease first described in 1986 [4] and with 17 more cases reported since then [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Case Report and Review

2014

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Introduction: Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urinary bladder are relatively rare, accounting for less than 1% of all bladder carcinomas. These tumors can be divided into the more indolent typical or atypical carcinoid tumors and the aggressive small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Objective: To report 2 clinical cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder (LCCB) and to review the epidemiology, prognosis, and current treatment algorithms for patients with bladder small and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Results: In both cases hematuria was the presenting symptom. One patient was submitted to partial cystectomy and the other to trans-urethral resection of the bladder tumor. The former patient died on the third month postoperatively. The latter patient had extensive liver metastasis at the time of diagnosis and died from acute liver failure on the 14th postoperative day. In review LCCB is associated with a more aggressive behavior and poorer prognosis than transitional cell bladder carcinoma. No standard approach exists. Surgery (transurethral ressection, partial cystectomy, radical cystectomy), chemotherapy and radiotherapy are current treatment modalities. Conclusion: LCCB is an aggressive tumor which usually presents itself in an advanced stage. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with platinum regimen plus aggressive surgical approach should be the treatment of choice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (LCCB) was first reported in 1986 [4] and since then 17 more cases have been described on the literature [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. Because of the relative rarity of these tumors there is no standard approach for managing SCCB [17] or LCCB [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Case Report and Review

2014

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“…[3915] Interestingly, 4 (80%) of 5 cases of LCNEC of the urinary bladder (including the present case) that were examined immunohistochemically for TTF-1 demonstrated TTF-1 expression. [31823] Therefore, it can be speculated that TTF-1 may be a useful marker for LCNEC of the urinary bladder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only 16 cases of LCNEC of the urinary bladder have been reported in the English language literature. [1–311121417–192324] Moreover, to date, there have been no reports of brain metastasis from LCNEC of the urinary bladder. This report presents the first case of a brain metastasis from LCNEC of the urinary bladder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain metastasis from large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Tsugu¹,

Yoshiyama²,

Matsumae³

2011

Surg Neurol Int

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BackgroundIn patients with urinary bladder cancer, brain metastases are quite rare and occur in only 1–7% of these patients. Of the urinary bladder cancers, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is extremely rare; only 16 cases have been reported to date. In this report, a case of brain metastasis from LCNEC of the urinary bladder is described.Case DescriptionA 74-year-old man was admitted with confusion and left-sided hemiparesis. Head magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a ring-enhancing lesion in the right frontal lobe. Whole body computed tomography revealed a suspicious lesion in the urinary bladder. These findings were considered consistent with metastatic brain tumor. Craniotomy and tumor removal were performed. After craniotomy, the patient underwent cystoscopy and the bladder mass was biopsied. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of both the brain tumor and bladder mass revealed LCNEC. According to these findings, the patient was diagnosed with a brain metastasis from LCNEC of the urinary bladder.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with a brain metastasis from LCNEC of the urinary bladder.

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“…11 Transmission electron microscopy was also conducted under a microscope (H-7500; Hitachi). 25 A light microscopic study was performed using serial 2-lm tissue sections obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissue blocks; 50 serial sections per sample were used for hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry in series. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an autostainer (Histostainer, Nichirei, Tokyo, Japan), antibodies against cytokeratin CAM5.2 (CAM5.2, mouse IgG2a, Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA, USA) as a marker for mesothelial cells, D2-40 (equal to podoplanin) (D2-40, mouse IgG1, Signet Laboratories, Dedham, MA, USA) as a marker for lymphatic endothelial cells and mesothelial cells and CD31 ( JC/70A, Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) as a marker for lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells, and a detection kit (Histofine Simple Stain MAX PO, MULTI, Nichirei) according to the manufacturers' instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic Stomata in the Adult Human Pulmonary Ligament

Oshiro

Miura

Iobe

et al. 2015

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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Background: Lymphatic stomata are small lymphatic openings in the serosal membrane that communicate with the serosal cavity. Although these stomata have primarily been studied in experimental mammals, little is known concerning the presence and properties of lymphatic stomata in the adult human pleura. Thus, adult human pleurae were examined for the presence or absence of lymphatic stomata. Methods and Results: A total of 26 pulmonary ligaments (13 left and 13 right) were obtained from 15 adult human autopsy cases and examined using electron and light microscopy. The microscopic studies revealed the presence of apertures fringed with D2-40-positive, CD31-positive, and cytokeratin-negative endothelial cells directly communicating with submesothelial lymphatics in all of the pulmonary ligaments. The apertures' sizes and densities varied from case to case according to the serial tissue section. The medians of these aperture sizes ranged from 2.25 to 8.75 lm in the left pulmonary ligaments and from 2.50 to 12.50 lm in the right pulmonary ligaments. The densities of the apertures ranged from 2 to 9 per mm 2 in the left pulmonary ligaments and from 2 to 18 per mm 2 in the right pulmonary ligaments. However, no significant differences were found regarding the aperture size ( p = 0.359) and density ( p = 0.438) between the left and the right pulmonary ligaments. Conclusions: Our study revealed that apertures exhibit structural adequacy as lymphatic stomata on the surface of the pulmonary ligament, thereby providing evidence that lymphatic stomata are present in the adult human pleura.

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Urinary Cytologic Features of Primary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Case Report and Review

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Case Report and Review

Brain metastasis from large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Lymphatic Stomata in the Adult Human Pulmonary Ligament

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