Urinary concentrations of environmental phenols and their associations with breast cancer incidence and mortality following breast cancer

Parada, Humberto; Gammon, Marilie D.; Ettore, Hope L.; Chen, Jia; Calafat, Antònia M.; Neugut, Alfred I.; Santella, Regina M.; Wolff, Mary S.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.084

Cited by 69 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Recently, Parada et al reported positive associations between urinary concentrations of parabens and breast cancer status that may seem to contrast our results [28]. It is, however, challenging to compare two such different studies of which one rely on self-reported skincare product use collected years prior to breast cancer diagnosis and the other on paraben measurements in urine samples collected after breast cancer diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Nor did we observe evidence of increased risk of ER+ or ER- breast cancer or endometrial cancer. We have previously reported that frequent and heavy users of skincare products in the NOWAC study experience elevated plasma concentrations of methyl-, ethyl and propyl-parabens, compounds that exert endocrine disrupting properties and have been linked to breast cancer in in vivo and in vitro studies, as well in a recent case control study [28, 44, 45]. We can now conclude that these women did not experience increased risk of hormone sensitive cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…A recent cohort study reported 13% increased risk of breast cancer by frequent use of skincare products and 15% increased risk by frequent use of beauty products [27]. Parada et al found positive associations between paraben concentrations in urine (methyl- propyl and ∑parabens) and prevalent breast cancer, and negative, non-significant associations with breast cancer mortality [28]. Out of four case-control studies of antiperspirant use and breast cancer risk, two reported no effect [29, 30] and one found an increased risk of breast cancer by use of underarm cosmetics [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2019

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BackgroundConcerns have been raised that extensive use of personal care products that contain endocrine disrupting compounds increase the risk of hormone sensitive cancers.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of skincare product use on the risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer, estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) breast cancer and cancer of the endometrium.MethodsWe used data from 106,978 participants in the population-based Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort. Participants were categorized into non-, light, moderate, frequent and heavy users of skincare products based on self-reported use of hand and facial cream and body lotion. Cancer incidence information from the Cancer Registry of Norway was linked to individual data through the unique identity number of Norwegian citizens. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the effect of skincare product use on the risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium. We used multiple imputation by chained equations to evaluate the effect of missing data on observed associations.ResultsWe found no associations between use of skincare products and incidence of premenopausal breast cancer (frequent/heavy versus non−/light use: hazard ratio [HR] =1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–1.32), postmenopausal breast cancer (heavy versus light use: HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65–1.18, frequent versus light use: HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.88, 1.07) or endometrial cancer (frequent/heavy versus non−/light use: HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.79–1.20). Use of skincare products did not increase the risk of ER+ or ER- breast cancer and there was no difference in effect across ER status (0.58 ≤ pheterogeneity ≤ 0.99). The magnitude and direction of the effect estimates based on complete case analyses and multiple imputation were similar.ConclusionHeavy use of skincare products, i.e. creaming the body up to two times per day during mid-life, did not increase the risk of cancer of the breast or endometrium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study

et al. 2019

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“…148 The association between urinary phenol biomarkers and breast cancer incidence was studied in 711 women with breast cancer and 598 women without breast cancer. 157 Among all women, the highest (vs lowest) quintiles of urinary Methylparaben, Propylparaben, and sum of parabens were associated with breast cancer ORs of 1.50 (95% CI ¼ 1.03-2.18), 1.31 (95% CI ¼ 0.90-1.90), and 1.35 (95% CI ¼ 0.93-1.97), respectively. In the age-adjusted model, the highest quintile of urinary Methylparaben was associated with a breast cancer OR of 1.21 (95% CI ¼ 0.86-1.72).…”

Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Amended Safety Assessment of Parabens as Used in Cosmetics

Cherian¹,

Zhu²,

Bergfeld³

et al. 2020

Int J Toxicol

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The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 21 parabens as preservatives in cosmetic products. All of these ingredients are reported to function in cosmetics as preservatives; however, 5 are reported to also function as fragrance ingredients. The Panel reviewed relevant data relating to the safety of these ingredients under the reported conditions of use in cosmetic formulations. The Panel concluded that 20 of the 21 parabens included in this report are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when the sum of the total parabens in any given formulation does not exceed 0.8%. However, the available data are insufficient to support a conclusion of safety for benzylparaben in cosmetics.

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“…Several factors that contribute to breast cancer include obesity, early age menstruation, smoking, inherited genes mutations, ionizing radiation, lack of exercise, etc. [ 41 ]. Breast cancer therapies presently used are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, surgery, hormone therapy, and antibody therapy [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Breast Cancer and Its Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Efficacy of Dendrimer and Micelle Formulations for Breast Cancer Treatment

Alven

Aderibigbe

2020

Pharmaceutics

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Breast cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and it is the cause of a high rate of mortality globally. The use of anticancer drugs is the standard treatment approach used for this type of cancer. However, most of these drugs are limited by multi-drug resistance, drug toxicity, poor drug bioavailability, low water solubility, poor pharmacokinetics, etc. To overcome multi-drug resistance, combinations of two or more anticancer drugs are used. However, the combination of two or more anticancer drugs produce toxic side effects. Micelles and dendrimers are promising drug delivery systems that can overcome the limitations associated with the currently used anticancer drugs. They have the capability to overcome drug resistance, reduce drug toxicity, improve the drug solubility and bioavailability. Different classes of anticancer drugs have been loaded into micelles and dendrimers, resulting in targeted drug delivery, sustained drug release mechanism, increased cellular uptake, reduced toxic side effects of the loaded drugs with enhanced anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. This review article reports the biological outcomes of dendrimers and micelles loaded with different known anticancer agents on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.

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Urinary concentrations of environmental phenols and their associations with breast cancer incidence and mortality following breast cancer

Cited by 69 publications

References 73 publications

Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study

Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study

Amended Safety Assessment of Parabens as Used in Cosmetics

The Therapeutic Efficacy of Dendrimer and Micelle Formulations for Breast Cancer Treatment

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