Urinary chromium loss associated with diabetes is offset by increases in absorption

Rhodes, Nicholas R.; McAdory, DeAna; Love, Seth; Bona, Kristin R. Di; Chen, Yuan; Ansorge, Kirsten; J, Hira; Kern, Naomi; Kent, Julia; Lara, P.; Rasco, Jane F.; Vincent, John B.

doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.03.015

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…It has been suggested that insulin resistance could possibly result in increased mobilization of chromium from the blood with corresponding increase in urinary chromium loss [92]. Insulin-resistant obese rats have alterations in the rates of chromium transport and distribution and have increased urinary chromium loss [93].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

2012

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Chromium has been recognized as an essential trace element that plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in its action are not clear. This study was undertaken to understand the mechanism of chromium action in experimental diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals were administered chromium as chromium picolinate (CrP) at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg body weight for a period of 4 weeks. It was observed that chromium complexed with picolinate was effective in lowering plasma glucose levels as well as was able to alleviate polyphagia, polydipsia, and weight loss in diabetic animals. Administration of chromium was also found to normalize glycogen content in liver of diabetic animals to near control levels. The reduction in plasma glucose levels by chromium was accompanied by increase in activity of glycolytic enzymes (e.g., glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase) and by suppression in activity of gluconeogenic enzymes (e.g., glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) in liver. Hepatic glucose uptake was found to be increased by chromium supplementation as demonstrated by decrease in Km and increase in Vmax values in diabetic animals. Chromium levels were lower in the liver of diabetic rats when compared with that of control rats. A negative correlation was observed between plasma glucose and chromium concentration in patients with diabetes. The data suggests that chromium supplementation as CrP is beneficial in correcting hyperglycemia, implying that the modulation of the glucose metabolism by chromium may be therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

2012

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“…In addition, Cr 3+ deficiency in humans is expected to be slight, if any9, thus measurement of a supplemental effect may be negligible. Nevertheless, analyses reveal popular weight loss diets provide Cr 3+ at suboptimal levels10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence That Chromium Modulates Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis and ABCA1 Functionality Impaired by Hyperinsulinemia—Brief Report

Sealls

Penque

Elmendorf

2011

ATVB

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Objective-Trivalent chromium (Cr 3ϩ ) is an essential micronutrient. Findings since the 1950s suggest that Cr 3ϩ might benefit cholesterol homeostasis. Here we present mechanistic evidence in support of this role of Cr 3ϩ . Methods and Results-High-density lipoprotein cholesterol generation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which are rendered ineffective by the hyperinsulinemia that is known to accompany disorders of lipid metabolism, was corrected by Cr 3ϩ. Mechanistically, Cr 3ϩ reversed hyperinsulinemia-induced cellular cholesterol accrual and associated defects in cholesterol transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1 trafficking and apolipoprotein A1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Moreover, direct activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which is known to be activated by Cr 3ϩ , or inhibition of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway activity, which is known to be elevated by hyperinsulinemia, mimics Cr 3ϩ action. Conclusion-These findings suggest a mechanism of Cr 3ϩ action that fits with long-standing claims of its role in cholesterol homeostasis. Furthermore, these data imply a mechanistic basis for the coexistence of dyslipidemia with hyperinsulinemia.

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“…[10]. Chromium can reduce fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic patients and diabetic rodent models [11], and enhance insulin action, including activation of insulin receptor sites [12]. Diabetic animals [13] and patients [14,15] have lower chromium levels than that of controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Chromium Restriction Leads to Glucose Metabolism Imbalance in Mice Offspring through Insulin Signaling and Wnt Signaling Pathways

Zhang

Sun

Xiao

et al. 2016

IJMS

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An adverse intrauterine environment, induced by a chromium-restricted diet, is a potential cause of metabolic disease in adult life. Up to now, the relative mechanism has not been clear. C57BL female mice were time-mated and fed either a control diet (CD), or a chromium-restricted diet (CR) throughout pregnancy and the lactation period. After weaning, some offspring continued the diet diagram (CD-CD or CR-CR), while other offspring were transferred to another diet diagram (CD-CR or CR-CD). At 32 weeks of age, glucose metabolism parameters were measured, and the liver from CR-CD group and CD-CD group was analyzed using a gene array. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot were used to verify the result of the gene array. A maternal chromium-restricted diet resulted in obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased area under the curve (AUC) of glucose in oral glucose tolerance testing and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). There were 463 genes that differed significantly (>1.5-fold change, p < 0.05) between CR-CD offspring (264 up-regulated genes, 199 down-regulated genes) and control offspring. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) analysis revealed that the insulin signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway were in the center of the gene network. Our study provides the first evidence that maternal chromium deficiency influences glucose metabolism in pups through the regulation of insulin signaling and Wnt signaling pathways.

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Urinary chromium loss associated with diabetes is offset by increases in absorption

Cited by 28 publications

References 60 publications

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

Evidence That Chromium Modulates Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis and ABCA1 Functionality Impaired by Hyperinsulinemia—Brief Report

Maternal Chromium Restriction Leads to Glucose Metabolism Imbalance in Mice Offspring through Insulin Signaling and Wnt Signaling Pathways

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