Urinary BTA&amp;ndash;Stat, BTA&amp;ndash;Trak and NMP22 in Surveillance after TUR of Recurrent Superficial Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Serretta, Vincenzo; Pomara, Giorgio; Rizzo, Ignazio; Espósito, Elisa

doi:10.1159/000020318

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…18 Our study concurs with several others and confirms marked improvement of sensitivity by incorporating ImmunoCyt/uCytt with cytology. Most studies reported results comparable or better 44-74% (65%) 57-90% (72%) BTA trak 21,26,30À32 58-78% (67%) 63-84% (75%) NMP22 21,22,27,28,31,33 53-74% (64%) 55-80% (70%) Telomerase 4,17,22 65-70% (68%) 89-99% (94%) Microsatellites 16 -(74%) -(82%) FISH 17 -(81%) -(96%) ImmunoCyt/ uCytt 6,7,11,13À15,18,20,21 53-100% (90%) 64-95% (74%)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

ImmunoCyt/uCyt+™ improves the sensitivity of urine cytology in patients followed for urothelial carcinoma

et al. 2005

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ImmunoCyt/uCytt is a fluorescent test combining three monoclonal antibodies. In this study, it has been tested as a complement to cytology in the detection of urothelial carcinoma in urine. It has been performed simultaneously with standard cytology and cystoscopy on 870 urine analyses from one hospital. In 136 cases, one or more bladder tumors were found. Overall sensitivity of cytology, ImmunoCyt/uCytt and combined analyses reached 29, 74 and 84%, respectively, and overall specificity was 98, 62 and 61%. The negative predictive value of cytology, ImmunoCyt/uCytt and both analyses was 88, 93 and 95%, respectively, and the positive predictive value was 70, 26 and 29%. The sensitivity of cytology for low malignant potential neoplasms, low-and high-grade papillary carcinomas was 6, 18 and 53%, while it reached 71, 79 and 93% when combined with ImmunoCyt/uCytt. The sensitivity of cytology for stages Ta, T1, T2 and over and Tis tumors was12, 67, 47 and 50%, while it reached 78, 83, 79 and 100% when combined with ImmunoCyt/uCytt. In the absence of tumor on cystoscopy but with positive ImmunoCyt/uCytt, 18% of patients developed a tumor, 2-6 months later. Of the 109 cases diagnosed as suspicious for malignancy by cytology, a tumor was present in 30 cases and ImmunoCyt/uCytt was positive in 22 (73%) of them. In conclusion, ImmunoCyt/uCytt may be used to postpone cystoscopies in patients followed for bladder cancer and may help to save cytologist and pathologist screening Keywords: urothelial carcinoma; cytology; ImmunoCyt/uCytt; immunofluorescence; urinary bladder; recurrence Superficial bladder cancers are defined as tumors limited to the mucosa (Tis, Ta) or invading into the lamina propria (T1), without muscle invasion. 1 They represent more than 80% of urothelial carcinomas and more than 50% will recur. 1-3 Patients with bladder cancer are followed with regular cytologies and cystoscopies. Cytology is very specific but this test is limited by its low sensitivity ranging from 16 to 60%. 4 Cytology is most useful at detecting highgrade (HG) cancer, whereas its sensitivity for lowgrade (LG) urothelial tumors is low and merely reaches 17%. 4 Furthermore, criteria used in urinary cytology to detect tumor cells are largely subjective and the ability to detect cancer cells is dependent on the experience of cytologists or pathologists. For instance, atypical cells and papillary aggregates may be found in either reactive or neoplastic conditions. 5 Furthermore, LG urothelial carcinomas do not always exfoliate in aggregates and the cell characteristics are often so subtle that they might not be recognizable even by an experienced cytologist. 5 Standard practice in the follow-up of patients with bladder cancer requires cystoscopies at regular intervals, but this technique is invasive, costly and causes discomfort to the patient. It is thus estimated that by improving the sensitivity of cytology, fewer follow-up cystoscopies would be needed. Furthermore, improved sensitivity would help cytologists and pathologists to save time c...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

ImmunoCyt/uCyt+™ improves the sensitivity of urine cytology in patients followed for urothelial carcinoma

et al. 2005

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“…BTA stat is a qualitative test, while BTA TRAK is quantitative. Both have been performed on fresh, refrigerated, or frozen urine obtained as voided or catheterized specimens [29,31,33,37,43,46,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61]. …”

Section: Urine-based Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Markers for Bladder Cancer Screening, Early Diagnosis, and Surveillance: The WHO/ICUD Consensus

et al. 2014

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Due to the lack of disease-specific symptoms, diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer has remained a challenge to the urologic community. Cystoscopy, commonly accepted as a gold standard for the detection of bladder cancer, is invasive and relatively expensive, while urine cytology is of limited value specifically in low-grade disease. Over the last decades, numerous molecular assays for the diagnosis of urothelial cancer have been developed and investigated with regard to their clinical use. However, although all of these assays have been shown to have superior sensitivity as compared to urine cytology, none of them has been included in clinical guidelines. The key reason for this situation is that none of the assays has been included into clinical decision-making so far. We reviewed the current status and performance of modern molecular urine tests following systematic analysis of the value and limitations of commercially available assays. Despite considerable advances in recent years, the authors feel that at this stage the added value of molecular markers for the diagnosis of urothelial tumors has not yet been identified. Current data suggest that some of these markers may have the potential to play a role in screening and surveillance of bladder cancer. Well-designed protocols and prospective, controlled trials will be needed to provide the basis to determine whether integration of molecular markers into clinical decision-making will be of value in the future.

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“…The BTA TRAK is an enzyme immunoassay where the intensity of the reaction is measured by the absorbance. The sensitivity and specificity of BTA TRAK can range at 62-75.6% and 72.6-79% [109,143], respectively. These tests are intended to aid in the management of bladder cancer patients in conjunction with cystoscopy.…”

Section: Biomarkers With Us-fda Approvalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics and genomics of urinary bladder cancer

Mohammed

Rahman

2008

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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Urinary bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the United States. The National Cancer Institute estimates that the incidence rates will be 68 810 and the mortality rate will be 14 100 in the year 2008. Although the gold standards cytology and cystoscopy are specific for diagnosing bladder cancer, the former lacks the sensitivity to detect low-grade tumors and the latter is very invasive and expensive. Therefore, scientists are interested in identifying reliable non-invasive biomarkers that could be utilized in screening, leading to early detection and/or in predicting the progression of superficial tumors to invasive higher-stage lesions with high specificity and sensitivity. Several biomarkers that indicate changes in the expression of proteins associated with increased risk have been identified. The purpose of this analysis is to provide an overview of the studies that have been conducted during the last decade that identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers via proteomic and genomic advancements.

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Urinary BTA–Stat, BTA–Trak and NMP22 in Surveillance after TUR of Recurrent Superficial Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

ImmunoCyt/uCyt+™ improves the sensitivity of urine cytology in patients followed for urothelial carcinoma

ImmunoCyt/uCyt+™ improves the sensitivity of urine cytology in patients followed for urothelial carcinoma

Molecular Markers for Bladder Cancer Screening, Early Diagnosis, and Surveillance: The WHO/ICUD Consensus

Proteomics and genomics of urinary bladder cancer

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