Urinary and Plasma Antioxidants in Behavioral Symptoms of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Imataka, George; Yui, Kunio; Shiko, Yuki; Kawasaki, Yohei; Sasaki, Hidetada; Shiroki, Ryoichi; Yoshihara, Shigemi

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.684445

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with previously published enhanced circulating CAT activities in ASD patients [33], although a decrease in the activity of circulating SOD was reported in these patients as well, consistently with recently published data [41]. Although we did not notice modifications in SOD activity in ASD patients, either in the blood plasma or in the RBCs, our experiments support other observations also reporting no changes in SOD activity, either in the RBCs or in the plasma of ASD individuals [19,42,43]. In contrast, SOD activity in the RBCs of ASD patients has been found to be higher [34,39,40,44] as well as lower [45] compared with neurotypical individuals.…”

Section: Changes In Oxidative Stress Markers In Children With Asdsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alterations in Antioxidant Status and Erythrocyte Properties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jasenovec,

Radosinska,

Jansakova

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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Erythrocytes are responsible for the transport of oxygen within the organism, which is particularly important for nerve tissues. Erythrocyte quality has been shown to be deteriorated in oxidative stress conditions. In this study, we measured the same series of oxidative stress markers in plasma and erythrocytes to compare the differences between neurotypical children (controls) and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also focused on erythrocyte properties including their deformability, osmotic resistance, Na,K-ATPase activity, nitric oxide levels and free radical levels in children with ASD and controls. Greater oxidative damage to proteins and lipids was observed in the erythrocytes than in the plasma of ASD subjects. Additionally, antioxidant enzymes were more active in plasma samples from ASD children than in their erythrocytes. Significantly higher nitric oxide level and Na,K-ATPase enzyme activity were detected in erythrocytes of ASD individuals in comparison with the controls. Changes in oxidative status could at least partially contribute to the deterioration of erythrocyte morphology, as more frequent echinocyte formation was detected in ASD individuals. These alterations are most probably responsible for worsening the erythrocyte deformability observed in children with ASD. We can conclude that abnormalities in antioxidant status and erythrocyte properties could be involved in the pathomechanisms of ASD and eventually contribute to its clinical manifestations.

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Section: Changes In Oxidative Stress Markers In Children With Asdsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alterations in Antioxidant Status and Erythrocyte Properties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jasenovec,

Radosinska,

Jansakova

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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“…However, in general, authors discuss the benefits of antioxidant therapy for the correction of cognitive functions [25][26][27]. Oxidative stress plays an undeniable role in the pathogenesis of ASD [28][29][30][31]. The beneficial effects of antioxidants on ASD symptoms have been noted in many studies [32], especially for antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Oxytocin and Antioxidative Response to Robotic Touch in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Portnova

Проскурнина

Skorokhodov

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Individuals with ASD are known to have a tendency to have tactile sensory processing issues that could be associated with their impairment as regards social communication. The alterations in tactile processing in autistic subjects are usually accompanied by hypersensitivity and other unpleasant emotions induced by tactile contact. In our study, we investigated the impact of the velocity and the force of a tactile stroke received impersonally by a custom-built robotic device. A total of 21 adults with ASD and 22 adults from a control group participated in our study. The participants’ responses were assessed according to subjective scales, EEG changes, and the dynamics of saliva antioxidants and oxytocin. It was found that the oxytocin level was significantly lower in subjects with ASD but increased after tactile stimulation. However, contrary to expectations, the increase in the oxytocin level in the target group negatively correlated with the subjective pleasantness of tactile stimulation and was probably associated with a stress-induced effect. The basic levels of antioxidants did not differ between the TD and ASD groups; however, these had significantly increased in individuals with ASD by the end of the study. The EEG findings, which revealed enhanced antioxidant levels, contributed to the relief of the cognitive control during the study.

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“…ROS and RNS are products of cellular metabolism and primarily, they include superoxide radical (O 2− ), nitric oxide radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and peroxynitrite radicals [ 36 , 37 ]. Postmortem brain tissues, urine, plasma, and serum samples from ASD individuals show markers for the production of ROS and RNS as well as impaired glutathione activity, which provides protection against oxidative stress [ 33 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. In the genetically modified mouse models, which have a similar oxidant-antioxidant profile to individuals with ASD, it is also shown that a decrease in the glutathione causes an increase in repetitive autism-like behaviors [ 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Blood Brain Barrier Permeability and Oxidative Stress in Cntnap2 Knockout Rat Model

Memis

Mittal

Furar

et al. 2022

JCM

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by three core symptoms, specifically impaired social behavior, stereotypic/repetitive behaviors, and sensory/communication deficits. Although the exact pathophysiology of ASD is still unknown, host genetics, oxidative stress, and compromised blood brain barrier (BBB) have been implicated in predisposition to ASD. With regards to genetics, mutations in the genes such as CNTNAP2 have been associated with increased susceptibility of developing ASD. Although some studies observed conflicting results suggesting no association of CNTNAP2 with ASD, other investigations correlated this gene with autism. In addition, CNTNAP2 mediated signaling is generally considered to play a role in neurological disorders due to its critical role in neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. In this investigation, we studied BBB integrity and oxidative stress in Cntnap2−/− rats. We observed that the BBB permeability was significantly increased in Cntnap2−/− rats compared to littermate wild-type (WT) animals as determined by FITC-dextran and Evans blue assay. High levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lower amounts of reduced glutathione were observed in brain homogenates of Cntnap2−/− rats, suggesting oxidative stress. Brain sections from Cntnap2−/− rats showed intense inducible nitric oxide synthase immunostaining, which was undetectable in WT animals. Quantification of nitric oxide in brain homogenates revealed significantly high levels in Cntnap2−/− rats compared to the control group. As increased permeability of the BBB and oxidative stress have been observed in ASD individuals, our results suggest that Cntnap2−/− rats have a high construct and face validity and can be explored to develop effective therapeutic modalities.

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Urinary and Plasma Antioxidants in Behavioral Symptoms of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 4 publications

References 95 publications

Alterations in Antioxidant Status and Erythrocyte Properties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Alterations in Antioxidant Status and Erythrocyte Properties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Salivary Oxytocin and Antioxidative Response to Robotic Touch in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Altered Blood Brain Barrier Permeability and Oxidative Stress in Cntnap2 Knockout Rat Model

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