Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration from Mexican children living in the southeastern region in Mexico

Abstract

Biomass combustion indoors has been associated with generation of various pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, respirable particles, toluene, benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), among others. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (as a biomarker exposure to PAHs) levels in children living in three states in Mexico. We evaluated children living in communities that use biomass fuels to cook and to heat homes in the next states: Chiapas, Oaxaca and Quintana Roo. We found similar levels of 1-OHP in urine of children living in the three studied states, with mean levels of 3.5 ± 1.0; 4.5 ± 2.8 and 4.4 ± 2.5 μg/L (geometric mean ± standard deviation), respectively for Chiapas, Oaxaca and Quintana Roo. In conclusion, our data indicate high exposure levels to PAHs in children living in the states studied in this work.

Expression levels of circulating microRNAs‐126, ‐155, and ‐145 in Mexican women exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through biomass fuel use

“…Urinary 1‐OHP concentrations were measured following a validated analytical method previously described by our research team (Pérez‐Maldonado et al, , ; Ochoa‐Martinez et al, ). Briefly, urine samples (10 mL) were mixed with β‐glucuronidase/arylsulfatase enzyme (30 μL) (Merck Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA) and 10 mL of sodium acetate buffer (0.2 mol/L) and incubated for 12 h at 37°C (enzymatic hydrolysis).…”

“…However, pyrene is almost always present in the mixtures regardless of the type of burned material (Jongeneelen, , ). Therefore, a pyrene metabolite (1‐hydroxypyrene) has been widely used to evaluate exposure to PAHs in the human population (Martínez‐salinas et al, ; Pruneda‐Álvarez et al, ; Trejo‐Acevedo et al, ; Domínguez‐Cortinas et al, ; Pérez‐Maldonado et al, ; Ruiz‐Vera et al, ; Pruneda‐Álvarez et al, ; Pérez‐Maldonado et al, ). Exposure to PAHs has been associated with several adverse human health effects (Mumtaz and George, ; Kim et al, ), like some cancer types (lung, skin, bladder and gastrointestinal) (Bach et al, ; Olsson et al, ; Diggs et al, ) as well as gastrointestinal, pulmonary, dermatologic, and renal afflictions (Mumtaz and George, ).…”

Urinary monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in children living in city and rural residences in Southern China

“…It seems even the students from rural areas in our study live in a polluted environment. The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in our samples are much lower than those in children living in an endemic malaria zone in Mexico (2.9 μmol/mol creatinine [58]) and in children living in communities that use biomass fuels to cook and heat homes in Mexico (3.5-4.5 μmol/mol creatinine [59]). Therefore, the environment children living in our study is not as worse as some special polluted areas in Mexico.…”

“…There are still other studies that focus on children's exposure to PAHs. [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] The present study aims to assess the exposure of PAHs by simultaneously analysing 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydoxyfluorene, 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenz[a]pyrene in urine from student volunteers living in urban and rural areas in Southern China.…”

Biomarkers of PAH exposure and hematologic effects in subjects exposed to combustion emission during residential (and professional) cooking practices in Pakistan

“…Unlike some previous studies on similar topic (Trejo-Acevedo et al 2012;Pruneda-Álvarez et al 2012;Ruíz-Vera et al 2014;Pérez-Maldonado et al 2014) which used only 1-OHPyr to evaluate human PAH exposure, in this study, urinary β-naphthol concentration was also measured as another biomarker for human exposure to wood smoke (Zelikoff et al 2002;Kato et al 2004;Kamal et al 2014Kamal et al , 2015a. Moreover, β-naphthol can be used as biomarker of recent naphthalene exposure, even at low levels (Kim et al 1999).…”