Urinalysis and Body Fluids, 6th Edition

Finnegan, Kathleen

doi:10.1309/lmze9pxb0a1ojlhd

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Contamination was managed by giving proper instructions on how to handle the specimen correctly. The samples were delivered to the microbiology laboratory at Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences within 30 minutes of collection [30], in a cold box.…”

Section: Data and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profile, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and associated factors of urinary tract infections in children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2023

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Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common pediatric infections and contribute to high morbidity and mortality. At present, the antimicrobial resistance emergency has quadrupled worldwide and poses a serious threat to the treatment of patients. However, there have been few studies on UTIs in children in Ethiopia, particularly in the east. Objective This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile of urinary tract infections, their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, and associated factors in under-five children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, eastern Ethiopia. Method We conducted hospital-based quantitative study on 332 consecutively selected under-five children from March 20 to June 10, 2021. Parents and guardians were interviewed to collect data using a structured questionnaire. Random urine samples were collected aseptically, and standard microbiological techniques were used to identify the bacteria and test for susceptibility to various antibiotics. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine the significance of the predictors. A p-value at a 95% confidence interval of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infections was 80 (24.1%) 95% CI:19.40–29.00%). Most of the bacterial isolates 55 (68.75%) were gram-negative bacteria, predominantly E. coli 23 (28.75%) and K. pneumoniae 10 (12.50%). Being a rural resident (AOR: 4.10, 95%CI: 1.45 11.54), uncircumcised male (AOR: 3.52, 95%CI: 1.33, 9.39), previous history of antibiotic usage (AOR: 7.32, 95%CI: 2.11, 25.37), indwelling catheterization (AOR: 10.35, 95%CI: 3.74, 28.63), previous history of urinary tract infections (AOR: 5.64, 95% CI: 1.36, 23.38), and urinary frequency (AOR: 5.56, 95%CI: 2.03, 15.25) had higher odds of culture positive result. The majority of the isolates have shown high levels of antibiotic resistance. Meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were effective against gram-negative uropathogens, whereas rifampin and ciprofloxacin were the most sensitive drugs for gram-positive isolates. From the tested bacterial isolates, 53/86 (61.6%), 11/86 (11.6%), and 2/86 (2.3%) were found to have multidrug resistance (MDR), extreme drug resistance (XDR), and pan drug resistance (PDR), respectively. Conclusions About one-fourth of the children were culture-positive for many types of bacterial uropathogens; this is higher compared with most of the previous studies in Africa. Rural dwellers, uncircumcised males, indwelling catheterization, a history of antibiotic use and urinary tract infection, and frequent urination all had a higher risk of bacterial infections. Many isolates were resistant to multiple drugs, primarily beta-lactams. Urinary tract infections as well as the growth and spread of resistant bacterial pathogens should be monitor regularly.

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Section: Data and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profile, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and associated factors of urinary tract infections in children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2023

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“…It has been shown that components of the complement system from C1 to C9 are produced in the synovium of human joints, with the exception of C8 and properdin [33], except for C8 and properdin [34]. Complement fractions bind to the respective receptors on the cell membranes of chondrocytes and synoviocytes through TLR [35]. The question of whether the complement cascade plays a role solely as a clearing system and/or as a leading pathogenetic factor in activated OA remains unanswered.…”

Section: Iintroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased level of C3 in synovial fluid in patients with activated osteoarthritis as a diagnostic and therapeutic target – pilot group of patients from the Rheumatology Department at UMHAT Burgas

Momcheva

2023

RBJ

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The clinical course of osteoarthritis (OA) indicates the role of low-grade synovitis as the main driver of the degenerative process. Components of the extracellular matrix, fibronectin isoforms, and fragments of hyaluronic acid are presumed ligands for DAMPs (particularly TLR). Complement fractions bind to the corresponding receptors on the cell membranes of chondrocytes and synoviocytes through TLR. Does the complement cascade play a role only as a clearing system and/or a leading pathogenetic factor in activated OA? The aim of this study is to answer this question. The study included 50 patients with activated OA of the knee joint. We examined the levels of C3 and C4 complement fractions in the blood plasma and synovial fluid. We found that the values of these proteins in synovial fluid were on average 34.90% for C3 and 30.97% for C4 of their values in blood plasma, with a generally accepted norm of 10% for complement levels in a healthy joint. The observation regarding the strength of correlation between the above results and the radiological stage confirmed a stronger correlation of the obtained results in the earlier stages of the disease when the activity of the repair processes is more pronounced. In this way, we objectified the pathogenetic role of complement in the arthritic process, as well as its role in clearing the joint space from degradation products. The question arises whether pharmacological intervention to balance complement activation could represent a future therapeutic strategy in the treatment of OA and prevent its progression.

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“…This increased level of leukocytes indicates UTI. If LE test gives positive result than there are chances of bacterial presence [3]. This study was conducted to check relationship between leukocytes and music listening during travel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Is there any relation of Urine Leukocytes with listening to Music while Traveling?"

Rizvi

2019

JPCR

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People have different moods for music. Some like soft music and some people have interest in loud music. During travel, music is a best pastime. Neutrophils synthesize leukocytes. It signals pyuria which causes urinary tract infection. This study was conducted to check relationship between leukocytes and music listening during travel. 13% students with positive urine leukocytes and 67% with negative urine leukocytes like music listening during travel. On the other hand, 1% with positive urine leukocytes and 19% with negative urine leukocytes don't prefer music during travel.

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Urinalysis and Body Fluids, 6th Edition

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Bacterial profile, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and associated factors of urinary tract infections in children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Bacterial profile, their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and associated factors of urinary tract infections in children at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Increased level of C3 in synovial fluid in patients with activated osteoarthritis as a diagnostic and therapeutic target – pilot group of patients from the Rheumatology Department at UMHAT Burgas

"Is there any relation of Urine Leukocytes with listening to Music while Traveling?"

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