Urges to smoke during the first month of abstinence: relationship to relapse and predictors

Doherty, Kevin; Kinnunen, Taru; Militello, Frank S.; Garvey, Arthur J.

doi:10.1007/bf02246158

Cited by 198 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

135

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, despite serious cutting down, the smoking rate still predicted abstinence. Urges to smoke have not been tested previously as a predictor of smoking cessation during pregnancy, and in this study frequency of urges to smoke showed significant results at the two times and the combined score for urges was also significant at end‐of‐pregnancy, which is consistent with the results for studies in non‐pregnant populations 37, 40, 41.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, we also examined the HSI and non‐HSI (comprised of the other four items in the FTCD) as predictors of abstinence. Urges to smoke have also been reported as significant predictors of abstinence in non‐pregnant smokers 37, 40, 41 but have not been assessed in a study of long‐term cessation in pregnancy. Thus, this study examined potential cigarette dependence related predictors of smoking cessation at 4 weeks post‐quit and end‐of‐pregnancy in a rigorously conducted large trial of a smoking cessation intervention during pregnancy among women who attempted to quit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimsTo examine the ability of different common measures of cigarette dependence to predict smoking cessation during pregnancy.DesignSecondary analysis of data from a parallel‐group randomized controlled trial of physical activity for smoking cessation. The outcomes were biochemically validated smoking abstinence at 4 weeks post‐quit and end‐of‐pregnancy.SettingWomen identified as smokers in antenatal clinics in 13 hospital trusts predominantly in southern England, who were recruited to a smoking cessation trial.ParticipantsOf 789 pregnant smokers recruited, 784 were included in the analysis.MeasurementsUsing random‐effect logistic regression models, we analysed the effects of baseline measures of cigarette dependence, including numbers of cigarettes smoked daily, Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) score, the two FTCD subscales of Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) and non‐Heaviness of Smoking Index (non‐HSI), expired carbon monoxide (CO) level and urges to smoke (strength and frequency) on smoking cessation. Associations were adjusted for significant socio‐demographic/health behaviour predictors and trial variables, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the predictive ability of the model for each measure of dependence.FindingsAll the dependence variables predicted abstinence at 4 weeks and end‐of‐pregnancy. At 4 weeks, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) for a unit standard deviation increase in FTCD was 0.59 (0.47–0.74), expired CO = 0.54 (0.41–0.71), number of cigarettes smoked per day 0.65 (0.51–0.84) and frequency of urges to smoke 0.79 (0.63–0.98); at end‐of‐pregnancy they were: 0.60 (0.45–0.81), 0.55 (0.37–0.80), 0.70 (0.49–0.98) and 0.69 (0.51–0.94), respectively. HSI and non‐HSI exhibited similar results to the full FTCD.ConclusionsFour common measures of dependence, including number of cigarettes smoked per day, scores for Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence and frequency of urges and level of expired CO, all predicted smoking abstinence in the short term during pregnancy and at end‐of‐pregnancy with very similar predictive validity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite several FDA approved treatments, the majority of smokers who attempt to quit will ultimately relapse and return to regular smoking behavior within the first year following a quit attempt (Hughes et al, 2004;Wileyto et al, 2004;Jorenby et al, 2006). Numerous risk factors for relapse have been identified (e.g., see Garvey et al, 1992;Doherty et al, 1995;Shiffman et al, 1996b;Ockene et al, 2000;Piasecki et al, 2000;Piasecki et al, 2003), and developing treatments to effectively target these many factors remain a high research priority. In early abstinence, one of the most reliable predictors of relapse is the occurrence a single smoking lapse, which is generally defined as smoking at least a puff of a cigarette (Marlatt and George 1984;Brandon et al, 1990;Kenford et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of smoking lapse in a human laboratory paradigm

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale During a smoking quit attempt, a single smoking lapse is highly predictive of future relapse. While several risk factors for a smoking lapse have been identified during clinical trials, a laboratory model of lapse was until recently unavailable and, therefore, it is unclear whether these characteristics also convey risk for lapse in a laboratory environment. Objectives The primary study goal was to examine whether real-world risk factors of lapse are also predictive of smoking behavior in a laboratory model of smoking lapse. Methods After overnight abstinence, 77 smokers completed the McKee smoking lapse task, in which they were presented with the choice of smoking or delaying in exchange for monetary reinforcement. Primary outcome measures were the latency to initiate smoking behavior and the number of cigarettes smoked during the lapse. Several baseline measures of smoking behavior, mood, and individual traits were examined as predictive factors. Results Craving to relieve the discomfort of withdrawal, withdrawal severity, and tension level were negatively predictive of latency to smoke. In contrast, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, withdrawal severity, level of nicotine dependence, craving for the positive effects of smoking, and craving to relieve the discomfort of withdrawal were positively predictive of number of cigarettes smoked. Conclusions The results suggest that real-world risk factors for smoking lapse are also predictive of smoking behavior in a laboratory model of lapse. Future studies using the McKee lapse task should account for between subject differences in the unique factors that independently predict each outcome measure.

show abstract

“…Three types of evidence directly link both craving and failure to regulate it to drug-taking behavior. First, across substance-using populations, prospective studies show that craving predicts relapse to drug taking following abstinence (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Second, cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) include training in the cognitive regulation of craving, and are effective for treating SUDs (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal–striatal pathway underlies cognitive regulation of craving

Kober

Mende-Siedlecki

Kross

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

616

586

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability to control craving for substances that offer immediate rewards but whose long-term consumption may pose serious risks lies at the root of substance use disorders and is critical for mental and physical health. Despite its importance, the neural systems supporting this ability remain unclear. Here, we investigated this issue using functional imaging to examine neural activity in cigarette smokers, the most prevalent substance-dependent population in the United States, as they used cognitive strategies to regulate craving for cigarettes and food. We found that the cognitive down-regulation of craving was associated with (i) activity in regions previously associated with regulating emotion in particular and cognitive control in general, including dorsomedial, dorsolateral, and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices, and (ii) decreased activity in regions previously associated with craving, including the ventral striatum, subgenual cingulate, amygdala, and ventral tegmental area. Decreases in craving correlated with decreases in ventral striatum activity and increases in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity, with ventral striatal activity fully mediating the relationship between lateral prefrontal cortex and reported craving. These results provide insight into the mechanisms that enable cognitive strategies to effectively regulate craving, suggesting that it involves neural dynamics parallel to those involved in regulating other emotions. In so doing, this study provides a methodological tool and conceptual foundation for studying this ability across substance using populations and developing more effective treatments for substance use disorders.

show abstract

Urges to smoke during the first month of abstinence: relationship to relapse and predictors

Cited by 198 publications

References 31 publications

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

Predictors of smoking lapse in a human laboratory paradigm

Prefrontal–striatal pathway underlies cognitive regulation of craving

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About